Using the third equation of motion, the bullet acceleration is minus 10000 meters per second squared. Multiplying by the mass of 0.05 kilograms gives a retarding stopping force of 500 newtons acting opposite to motion.
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From Fig. 6.41, the slope of the velocity-time line gives an acceleration of 2.5 m s-2. Multiplying this acceleration by the object mass of 10 kg gives a constant acting force of 25 N.
From Fig. 6.40, the product of mass and acceleration at each plotted point equals a constant force of 10 N. The force-mass graph is a horizontal straight line parallel to the mass axis at 10 N.
Option (iv) is correct because according to Newton’s third law of motion, whenever two objects interact during a collision, they exert equal and opposite forces on each other regardless of differences in their masses.
A cushioned landing mat increases the impact time during which the athlete’s downward velocity reduces to zero. According to Newton’s second law, extending the duration reduces acceleration, thereby significantly reducing the impact force and preventing injury.