Mass m1 is F divided by a1 and mass m2 is F divided by a2. The combined acceleration is F divided by the total mass, which simplifies algebraically to a1 a2 divided by the sum of a1 and a2.
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From Fig. 6.41, the slope of the velocity-time line gives an acceleration of 2.5 m s-2. Multiplying this acceleration by the object mass of 10 kg gives a constant acting force of 25 N.
Option (iv) is correct because Newton’s second law of motion establishes that when a net force acts on an object, it produces acceleration in the direction of the force directly proportional to its magnitude.