Yes, the boat moves backward away from the shore. By Newton’s third law of motion, when the sailor applies a backward force on the boat to leap forward, the boat recoils in the opposite direction.
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Option (iii) Object C is correct. In Fig. 6.37, the position-time curve for Object C indicates changing velocity and acceleration, which requires a non-zero net force by Newton’s laws of motion.
Option (iv) is correct because Newton’s second law of motion establishes that when a net force acts on an object, it produces acceleration in the direction of the force directly proportional to its magnitude.
Forward force by ninety-five oarsmen is 19000 N and backward force by five oarsmen is 1000 N. Subtracting opposing forces gives an unbalanced forward net force of 18000 N acting on the boat.
Option (i) is correct because block P experiences an unbalanced net force of 1 N towards the right, while block Q moves at constant velocity, meaning the net external force acting upon Q is zero.