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Ayushree

Alauddin Khalji introduced the military practices of Dagh (horse branding) and Chehra (descriptive rolls) to prevent corruption. However, Muhammad bin Tughlaq formally abolished both systems, believing strict controls were unnecessary. Their removal created widespread corruption in the army, as soldiers ...

Ayushree

The Sultan of Delhi who imposed the Jaziya (a tax on non-Muslims) on Brahmins was Firoz Shah Tughlaq (r. 1351–1388). Previously, Brahmins were traditionally exempted from this tax, but Firoz Shah, known for his strict orthodox policies, made the imposition ...

Ayushree

The main group involved in the overthrow of Razia Begum (r. 1236–1240) was the powerful faction of Turkish nobles, specifically the ‘Chahalgani’ or the Forty. They refused to accept a woman as the sovereign ruler, viewing her ascension and her ...

Ayushree

The Muslim ruler whose gold coins bore the image of Goddess Lakshmi was Muhammad Ghori (Mu’izzuddin Muhammad ibn Sam). Issued after his conquests in northern India, this practice maintained a familiar local tradition to ensure the currency’s ready acceptance among ...