Which one is a vector quantity ?

Torque is a quantity that describes a force’s capacity to produce or change rotation at an axis applied to an object. The size of the torque depends on both the applied force, the perpendicular distance from the axis to where the force has been applied called the lever arm, and on the angle made between the two. The direction of the torque is determined using the right-hand rule: if the fingers of your right hand curl in the direction of the rotation caused by the force, then your thumb points in the direction of the torque vector.

Energy is a scalar quantity. Scalar quantities have magnitude but no direction. Energy cannot exist with their direction like length, area, and volume. It depends what type of energy it belongs to, like kinetic, potential, thermal, or electrical. No matter what kind of energy it is, it is a scalar quantity. Scalars are not vectors, but are represented by their single value devoid of any directional component.

In rotational motion, torque is the quantity that causes objects to rotate or change their rotational motion. Energy is essential in all forms of motion but does not have the directional attribute that defines a vector. Thus, among the two, only torque qualifies as a vector quantity.

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