1. Muscular Energy to Mechanical Energy:
– Muscular energy from the cyclist’s body, obtained from food, is converted into mechanical energy via muscular contractions, propelling the pedals.

2. Mechanical Energy to Kinetic Energy:
– The mechanical energy generated by pedaling transfers to the bicycle’s drivetrain, transforming into kinetic energy.
– This energy powers the bicycle’s movement, resulting in its forward motion.

3. Kinetic Energy to Potential Energy (Uphill Riding):
– When cycling uphill, some kinetic energy is converted into potential energy.
– The elevation gained increases the potential energy as the cyclist moves upward against gravity.

4. Kinetic Energy to Thermal Energy (Friction):
– Friction between moving parts (e.g., wheel bearings, road surface) converts some kinetic energy into thermal energy (heat).
– Energy is lost as heat due to friction between the bike’s components and the road.

5. Braking (Kinetic Energy to Heat and Sound):
– When brakes are applied to stop the bicycle, kinetic energy is transformed into heat and sound.
– Friction between the brake pads and wheel rims generates heat, and the sound originates from the braking process.

6. Potential Energy to Kinetic Energy (Downhill Riding):
– While riding downhill, potential energy due to height is converted back into kinetic energy.
– The potential energy decreases as the cyclist descends, increasing the kinetic energy and speed.

Recognizing these energy conversions elucidates the different ways energy changes forms during cycling, showcasing the interplay between muscular, mechanical, kinetic, potential, thermal, and sound energies throughout various cycling scenarios and actions.