Understanding Canal Rays:
– Discovery: Canal rays, also called positive rays or anode rays, were discovered by Eugen Goldstein during experiments with cathode rays in the late 19th century.

– Nature: They are positively charged ions or cations that move in discharge tubes, opposite to the direction of cathode rays, under the influence of an electric field.

– Composition: Comprised of positively charged particles, the nature of these rays varies depending on the gas present in the discharge tube.

– Movement: Canal rays move towards the cathode (negative electrode) within the tube due to the applied electric field.

– Characteristics: They exhibit deflection when subjected to magnetic or electric fields, indicating their charged nature.

Significance of Canal Rays:
– Scientific Insights: These rays contributed significantly to the understanding of atomic structure and the discovery of isotopes.
– Charged Particle Study: Studying canal rays led to the realization of positively charged particles beyond electrons, furthering the understanding of atomic constituents.

Conclusion:
Canal rays, or positive rays, discovered by Eugen Goldstein, are positively charged ions observed moving within discharge tubes. Their study played a crucial role in advancing the understanding of atomic structure and charged particles, contributing significantly to the field of atomic and particle physics.