Cells regulate growth through controlled division, contact inhibition and programmed cell death. These processes maintain balance by preventing excessive growth and removing unwanted or damaged cells.
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Cell membrane is selectively permeable, while cell wall is freely permeable. RER has ribosomes attached, while SER lacks them. Chloroplasts contain green chlorophyll, while chromoplasts have red, yellow or orange pigments.
Water moves into Cell X in pure water, causing swelling and moves out of Cell Y in salt solution, causing shrinking. The correct explanation is option (iii).
Renu is correct because all plant cells, including roots, contain plastids. Roots have leucoplasts for storage, even though they lack chloroplasts for photosynthesis.
Both mitochondria and chloroplasts have double membranes, DNA and ribosomes. Mitochondria release energy by respiration, while chloroplasts produce food by photosynthesis. Thus, they are similar in structure but different in function.