1. Mahmud Ghaznavi’s invasion of India in 1000 AD marked the beginning of large-scale Turkish incursions into the subcontinent. He attacked frontier regions ruled by the Hindu Shahi kingdom, weakening their control over Punjab. His raids focused on plundering wealthy temples and cities such as Mathura,Read more

    Mahmud Ghaznavi’s invasion of India in 1000 AD marked the beginning of large-scale Turkish incursions into the subcontinent. He attacked frontier regions ruled by the Hindu Shahi kingdom, weakening their control over Punjab. His raids focused on plundering wealthy temples and cities such as Mathura, Kanauj, and Somnath. These invasions revealed India’s internal political fragmentation, encouraging later invaders like Muhammad Ghori. Although Mahmud never aimed to rule India permanently, the massive wealth he extracted strengthened his empire in Central Asia. His repeated attacks exposed vulnerabilities in Indian defenses and played a major role in shaping future political developments.

    ANSWER:

    (A) Mahmud Ghaznavi

    See less
    • 78
  2. Mahmud Ghaznavi used the title “Idol Breaker” to enhance his religious reputation among his supporters and justify his raids on wealthy temples. The destruction of temples like Somnath in Gujarat made him famous across the Islamic world. However, his actions were driven more by economic motives thanRead more

    Mahmud Ghaznavi used the title “Idol Breaker” to enhance his religious reputation among his supporters and justify his raids on wealthy temples. The destruction of temples like Somnath in Gujarat made him famous across the Islamic world. However, his actions were driven more by economic motives than religious zeal, as Indian temples stored immense wealth in gold, silver, and jewels. These resources funded his large army, architectural projects, and expansionist campaigns in Central Asia. His self-given title helped create an image of a champion of Islam, even though his primary goal was to accumulate wealth and consolidate political power.

    ANSWER:

    (A) Mahmud Ghaznavi

    See less
    • 23
  3. The Abbasid Caliph granted Mahmud Ghaznavi the titles “Yamin ud Daula” and “Amin ul Millat” to acknowledge his loyalty and growing influence. These titles strengthened Mahmud’s legitimacy, allowing him to present himself as a protector of Islam and a powerful ruler. This recognition elevated his polRead more

    The Abbasid Caliph granted Mahmud Ghaznavi the titles “Yamin ud Daula” and “Amin ul Millat” to acknowledge his loyalty and growing influence. These titles strengthened Mahmud’s legitimacy, allowing him to present himself as a protector of Islam and a powerful ruler. This recognition elevated his political standing among regional powers in Central Asia and India. By aligning himself with the Caliphate, Mahmud gained religious prestige that helped him secure alliances and support. These honors played a key role in expanding the Yamini dynasty’s influence and justifying Mahmud’s military campaigns across regions, including his repeated expeditions into India.

    ANSWER:

    (C) Both a and b

    See less
    • 65
  4. Mahmud Ghaznavi’s last Indian campaign targeted the Jats of Punjab, who controlled river routes and frequently disrupted the movement of his returning troops. After his famous Somnath expedition, the Jats attacked sections of his army, causing significant losses. Enraged, Mahmud launched a punitiveRead more

    Mahmud Ghaznavi’s last Indian campaign targeted the Jats of Punjab, who controlled river routes and frequently disrupted the movement of his returning troops. After his famous Somnath expedition, the Jats attacked sections of his army, causing significant losses. Enraged, Mahmud launched a punitive expedition to suppress them and secure safer routes. He used boats and cavalry to defeat the Jats, demonstrating his adaptability in warfare. This final campaign marked the end of his long series of Indian invasions. By then, Mahmud had accumulated vast wealth, which he used to strengthen Ghazni and fund architectural and cultural developments.

    ANSWER:

    (B) Jat

    See less
    • 44
  5. Jaipal, ruler of the Hindu Shahi kingdom, fought fiercely against the advancing Turkish forces led by Sabuktigin and later Mahmud Ghaznavi. Despite his bravery, he suffered repeated defeats and had to pay heavy tributes. Feeling dishonored and believing he had failed his kingdom, Jaipal immolated hiRead more

    Jaipal, ruler of the Hindu Shahi kingdom, fought fiercely against the advancing Turkish forces led by Sabuktigin and later Mahmud Ghaznavi. Despite his bravery, he suffered repeated defeats and had to pay heavy tributes. Feeling dishonored and believing he had failed his kingdom, Jaipal immolated himself around 1001 AD. His death deeply affected the morale of his people and weakened the Hindu Shahi resistance. After Jaipal, his son Anandpal continued the struggle but also faced defeat. Jaipal’s tragic end symbolizes the dramatic shift in power that allowed Turks to penetrate deeper into northwestern India.

    ANSWER:

    (B) Jaipal

    See less
    • 11