Earth Day is celebrated annually on April 22. The day is dedicated to promoting environmental awareness and encouraging actions to protect the planet. Initiated in 1970, Earth Day focuses on educating people about environmental issues, advocating for sustainable practices, and ...
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The circle of illumination is the dividing line on Earth that separates the daylit side from the night side. It represents the boundary between areas receiving sunlight and those in darkness. This circle constantly shifts due to the Earth’s rotation, ...
The orbital plane of the Earth is the flat, two-dimensional surface on which Earth’s elliptical orbit around the Sun lies. This plane is known as the ecliptic plane. The Earth’s axis is tilted at about 23.5 degrees relative to this ...
Supersonic aircraft produce a shock wave called a “sound boom”. This occurs when the aircraft travels faster than the speed of sound, creating a sudden increase in pressure and temperature. The resulting shock wave is perceived on the ground as ...
The instrument used to identify and draw sound waves is called a “sonar”. Sonar stands for Sound Navigation and Ranging. It emits sound waves into water and detects the echoes bounced back from objects, helping in navigation, communication, and underwater ...
Sound does not pass through vacuum. Sound waves require a medium such as air, water, or solid materials like steel to propagate because they travel through the mechanical vibration of particles in the medium. In vacuum, where there is an ...
Sonography is a biological method that uses ultrasonic sound. It involves the use of high-frequency sound waves to create images of the inside of the body. These sound waves, beyond the range of human hearing, are transmitted into the body ...
The photoelectric effect was proposed by Einstein. Albert Einstein, in 1905, explained the phenomenon where photons of light eject electrons from a material’s surface. This theory helped establish the concept of quantized energy of light and the particle-like nature of ...
Young, first showed that diffraction of light waves occurs. Thomas Young conducted the double-slit experiment in the early 19th century, demonstrating interference patterns that confirmed light’s wave nature. This experiment provided fundamental evidence for the wave theory of light, showing ...
The electromagnetic nature of light was discovered by Maxwell. James Clerk Maxwell, a Scottish physicist, formulated the theory of electromagnetism in the 19th century. He unified electricity and magnetism into a single set of equations known as Maxwell’s equations, predicting ...