The cup-shaped or funnel-shaped opening at the top of a volcano is called a crater. It is the vent through which magma, ash and gases are ejected during an eruption. Craters are formed by the explosive removal of the volcano’s ...
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A laccolith is a “positive” landform created by intrusive volcanic activity. It is a mushroom-shaped body of magma that intrudes between rock layers, forcing the overlying strata to dome upward. While it forms underground, erosion eventually removes the softer surface ...
The Mediterranean Volcanic Belt results from the complex interaction between the African and Eurasian plates. This region is a convergent zone where the northward movement of the African Plate toward Eurasia causes the subduction of the Tethys oceanic lithosphere. This ...
The Hawaiian Islands are entirely volcanic and located over a hotspot. Unlike most volcanoes, these are not at plate boundaries. Instead, a stationary mantle plume provides a constant source of heat and magma. As the Pacific Plate moves slowly over ...
Mount Kilimanjaro is geographically associated with the East African Rift Valley system. This is an active continental rift zone where the African Plate is gradually splitting into the Somalian and Nubian plates. The thinning of the crust in this region ...