Amir Khusro’s Khazain-ul-Futuh is the most reliable contemporary account of Alauddin Khalji’s southern expeditions. Written by his court poet, it provides firsthand descriptions of Malik Kafur’s campaigns in Devagiri, Warangal, Dwarasamudra and Madurai, documenting tribute collection, military encounters and political ...
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Alauddin Khalji’s rule is described as “Centralized Despotism” because he minimized noble power, introduced strict regulations, controlled markets, centralized revenue and asserted the Sultan’s authority above religious law. His policies curbed aristocratic influence and strengthened an absolute, highly centralized monarchy. ...
Timur sent a diplomatic mission to Delhi, establishing direct contact between the Delhi Sultanate and Samarkand, his capital. This exchange enabled cultural, artistic and technological interactions, influencing Indo-Persian architecture and strengthening political communication between both regions. ANSWER: (B) Samarkand
Alauddin Khalji famously believed that a king must place the state above all personal or familial ties. He killed close relatives to secure his throne and curtailed the nobility’s power. Chronicler Ziauddin Barani explicitly notes this principle, reflecting Alauddin’s doctrine ...
Chand Bibi, a brave and skilled Muslim ruler, belonged to the state of Ahmednagar. She is remembered for defending Ahmednagar fort against Akbar’s Mughal forces. She later negotiated and handed over Berar to Akbar. Her leadership, courage and diplomatic skills ...