Woodblock print came to Europe after as mentioned below: (i) The technology of woodblock printing developed in china. (ii) Chinese paper had reached Europe through silk routes in the 11th century. (iii) ln 1295, Marco Polo, a great explorer, returned to Italy after. Many years of exploration in ChinRead more
Woodblock print came to Europe after as mentioned below:
(i) The technology of woodblock printing developed in china.
(ii) Chinese paper had reached Europe through silk routes in the 11th century.
(iii) ln 1295, Marco Polo, a great explorer, returned to Italy after. Many years of exploration in China He brought the woodblock printing from China. The Italian began producing books with wood blocks and after that print technology spread to other parts of Europe.
(iv) Religious preachers like Buddhists were also helpful in spreading this-knowledge from China to Europe.
(i) Buddhist missionaries from China introduced hand-printing technology in Japan Around AD 768-770. (ii) The oldest Japanese book printed in AD 868 was the Buddhist Diamond. Sutra. It contained six sheets of text and wood cut illustrations. (iii) Pictures were printed on textiles, playing cards andRead more
(i) Buddhist missionaries from China introduced hand-printing technology in Japan
Around AD 768-770.
(ii) The oldest Japanese book printed in AD 868 was the Buddhist Diamond. Sutra. It contained six sheets of text and wood cut illustrations.
(iii) Pictures were printed on textiles, playing cards and paper money.
(iv) In medieval Japan, the poets and prose writers regularly published their work.
(v) Printing of visual material led to interesting publishing practices. For example, in the late eighteenth century, at Edo (modern Tokyo) illustrated collections of paintings depicted an elegant urban culture, involving artists, courtesans, and tea house gatherings.
(vi) Libraries and book-stores were full with hand-printed material of various types such as books on women, cooking, famous places, musical instruments, calculations, tea ceremony and flower arrangements.
(a) In the seventeenth century, many cities had come up in China. As tire urban culture spread, the uses of print also increased. It was used in different fields as mentioned below: (i) It was used by scholar officials. (ii) Merchants used it to collect trade information. (iii) Reading printed materRead more
(a) In the seventeenth century, many cities had come up in China. As tire urban culture
spread, the uses of print also increased. It was used in different fields as mentioned below:
(i) It was used by scholar officials.
(ii) Merchants used it to collect trade information.
(iii) Reading printed material became a leisure activity. So, people started reading fictional
narratives, poetry, autobiographies, anthologies of literary master pieces, and romantic plays.
(iv) Women began publishing their poetry and plays.
(v) Wives of scholar-officials published their works and courtesans wrote about their lives.
(b) The new reading culture had the following effects:
(i) It brought western printing techniques and mechanical presses into China.
(ii) Shanghai became the hub of the new print culture’ Thus, there was natural change from hand printing to mechanical printing.
(a) The imperial state was the major producer of printed material for long time. (b) It was the major producer of printed material because it recruited its personnel through civil service examinations. Textbooks for this examination were printed in large numbers by the imperial state. With the increRead more
(a) The imperial state was the major producer of printed material for long time.
(b) It was the major producer of printed material because it recruited its personnel
through civil service examinations. Textbooks for this examination were printed in large numbers by the imperial state. With the increase in the number of candidates for the examination, the volume of print also increased.
(a) The earliest kind of print technology was developed in China, Japan and Korea. (b) (i) The technology was a system of hand printing. (ii) Under this system, the books in China were printed by rubbing paper against the inked surface of woodblocks. (iii) As both sides of the thin, porous sheet couRead more
(a) The earliest kind of print technology was developed in China, Japan and Korea.
(b) (i) The technology was a system of hand printing.
(ii) Under this system, the books in China were printed by rubbing paper against the
inked surface of woodblocks.
(iii) As both sides of the thin, porous sheet could not be printed, the traditional Chinese
‘accordion book ‘was folded and stitched at the side.
The colonisation of Americas took place in the mid-sixteenth century. It was, however, not due to superior military strength of the Spanish conquerors. It was primarily due to the global transfer of disease that helped in the colonisation of the Americas. The spaniards carried on their person, the gRead more
The colonisation of Americas took place in the mid-sixteenth century. It was, however, not due to superior military strength of the Spanish conquerors. It was primarily due to the global transfer of disease that helped in the colonisation of the Americas. The spaniards carried on their person, the germs such as those of small-pox into the Americas. The local inhabitants had no immunity against these diseases due to their long isolation. It resulted in spread of these diseases in the continent. Small-pox in particular killed and decimated many communities and paved the way for conquest and colonisation of the Americas.
(a) Asia: The silk routes are an example of global exchanges which took place between distant parts of the world' The West-bound Chinese silk cargoes were sent through these routes. Many silk routes have been identified which linked vast areas of Asia with Europe northern Africa. These routes have eRead more
(a) Asia: The silk routes are an example of global exchanges which took place between distant parts of the world’ The West-bound Chinese silk cargoes were sent through these routes. Many silk routes have been identified which linked vast areas of Asia with Europe northern Africa. These routes have existed much before the Christian Era and were used till the fifteenth century. These routes were used for Chinese pottery and textiles and spices from India and Southeast Asia. In return, precious metals – gold and silver – flowed from Europe to Asia”. Trade and cultural exchange always went hand in hand. That is why the Christian missionaries, Muslim preachers too travelled along these routes” In ancient times, Buddhism spread in different directions through intersecting points on the silk routes.
(b) Americas: After the discovery of the Americas by Christopher Columbus, many of our common foods such as potatoes, soya, groundnuts, maize, tomatoes, Chilies came from America’s original inhabitants i.e., the American Indians. From the sixteenth century, America’ s vast lands, abundant crops and minerals transformed. trade and lives everywhere. Precious metals like Silver from mines in Peru and Mexico enhanced Europe’s wealth and financed its trade with Asia’ Thus, there were global exchanges even before the seventeenth century.
The conditions in the organised and unorganised sectors are as follows: Organised sector: (i) Fixed working hons or time i.e., 9.30 a.m. 5.30 p.m. (ii) Regular salary at the end of the month. (iii) Various las such as Factories Act, Minimum Wages Act are applicable. (iv) Facilities such as providentRead more
The conditions in the organised and unorganised sectors are as follows:
Organised sector:
(i) Fixed working hons or time i.e., 9.30 a.m. 5.30 p.m.
(ii) Regular salary at the end of the month.
(iii) Various las such as Factories Act, Minimum Wages Act are applicable.
(iv) Facilities such as provident fund, medical allowance etc. are granted.
(v) Paid holidays such as Sundays and other holidays.
(vi) Appointment letter with conditions terms of service is issued.
(vii) Control of the government directly or indirectly.
(viii) In organised sector, a factory manager has to ensure facilities like drinking water and a safe working environment.
Unorganised sectors:
(i) No fixed working hours or time.
(ii) No regular salary.
(iii) No such laws are applicable or followed.
(iv) No facilities such as provident fund etc. are admissible.
(v) No paid holidays/other holidays are granted.
(vi) No appointment latter is issued. The employer can remove an employee any time.
(vii) Generally, there is no control of the government. Rules are there but these are generally not followed by the employers.
(viii) No arrangement such as of drinking water are made. Even if there is any such arrangement, that is rarely followed in practice.
(ix) No pension is granted in unorganised sector
It is a fact that earth has enough resources to meet the needs of all but not enough to satisfy the greed of even one person because that one person may exploit the natural resources recklessly. The reckless exploitation of resources may lead to their exhaustion and may damage the environment In sucRead more
It is a fact that earth has enough resources to meet the needs of all but not enough to satisfy the greed of even one person because that one person may exploit the natural resources recklessly. The reckless exploitation of resources may lead to their exhaustion and may damage the environment In such a situation what will happen if no natural resources are available? It will hamper the development process in all the countries in the world because fossil fuels and minerals are essential for development. The reckless use of minerals may disturb the balance in nature. This, it necessary to use resources judiciously for development and to adopt a strategy. Thus economic development that is environment friendly.
Sexual difference is biological but gender difference s sociological. Woman on the basis of gender have always been discriminated in almost all the societies of the world including India. Different aspects of life in which woman are discriminated or disadvantaged in India are as given below: (i) EduRead more
Sexual difference is biological but gender difference s sociological. Woman on the basis of gender have always been discriminated in almost all the societies of the world including India. Different aspects of life in which woman are discriminated or disadvantaged in India are as given below:
(i) Education: (a) Women are deprived of an equal access to education. Thus, the literacy rate among women in only 54 per cent as compared to 76 per cent among men. (b) A smaller proportion of girl student go for higher education because parents prefer to spend money on their rather than spending equally on both sons and daughters.
(ii) Discrimination in remuneration or salary: The number of women on highly paid job is less than men Women are discrimination in job opportunities as well as in appointment among highly paid and valued jobs. Under Equal Wages should be paid for equal work. In practice almost ln every sphere, women are paid less than man even when both do exactly the same work.
(iii) Preference for sons: Even now in many parts of Indian, parents prefer to have sons. There are cases where girl child is aborted before she is born. Due to sex-ratio has declined from 927 in 2001 to 850 or 800 in some places.
(iv) Cases harassment, exploitation and violence: Women are exploited by their employers. They are sexually assaulted at homes. They are not safe during their journey at night. They are subjected to various forms of domestic violence.
“Woodblock print came to Europe after 1295.” Give any three reasons to explain the above statement.
Woodblock print came to Europe after as mentioned below: (i) The technology of woodblock printing developed in china. (ii) Chinese paper had reached Europe through silk routes in the 11th century. (iii) ln 1295, Marco Polo, a great explorer, returned to Italy after. Many years of exploration in ChinRead more
Woodblock print came to Europe after as mentioned below:
See less(i) The technology of woodblock printing developed in china.
(ii) Chinese paper had reached Europe through silk routes in the 11th century.
(iii) ln 1295, Marco Polo, a great explorer, returned to Italy after. Many years of exploration in China He brought the woodblock printing from China. The Italian began producing books with wood blocks and after that print technology spread to other parts of Europe.
(iv) Religious preachers like Buddhists were also helpful in spreading this-knowledge from China to Europe.
Describe the development of print in Japan.
(i) Buddhist missionaries from China introduced hand-printing technology in Japan Around AD 768-770. (ii) The oldest Japanese book printed in AD 868 was the Buddhist Diamond. Sutra. It contained six sheets of text and wood cut illustrations. (iii) Pictures were printed on textiles, playing cards andRead more
(i) Buddhist missionaries from China introduced hand-printing technology in Japan
See lessAround AD 768-770.
(ii) The oldest Japanese book printed in AD 868 was the Buddhist Diamond. Sutra. It contained six sheets of text and wood cut illustrations.
(iii) Pictures were printed on textiles, playing cards and paper money.
(iv) In medieval Japan, the poets and prose writers regularly published their work.
(v) Printing of visual material led to interesting publishing practices. For example, in the late eighteenth century, at Edo (modern Tokyo) illustrated collections of paintings depicted an elegant urban culture, involving artists, courtesans, and tea house gatherings.
(vi) Libraries and book-stores were full with hand-printed material of various types such as books on women, cooking, famous places, musical instruments, calculations, tea ceremony and flower arrangements.
Describe the major uses of print culture in the seventeenth century in China. What were its effect?
(a) In the seventeenth century, many cities had come up in China. As tire urban culture spread, the uses of print also increased. It was used in different fields as mentioned below: (i) It was used by scholar officials. (ii) Merchants used it to collect trade information. (iii) Reading printed materRead more
(a) In the seventeenth century, many cities had come up in China. As tire urban culture
See lessspread, the uses of print also increased. It was used in different fields as mentioned below:
(i) It was used by scholar officials.
(ii) Merchants used it to collect trade information.
(iii) Reading printed material became a leisure activity. So, people started reading fictional
narratives, poetry, autobiographies, anthologies of literary master pieces, and romantic plays.
(iv) Women began publishing their poetry and plays.
(v) Wives of scholar-officials published their works and courtesans wrote about their lives.
(b) The new reading culture had the following effects:
(i) It brought western printing techniques and mechanical presses into China.
(ii) Shanghai became the hub of the new print culture’ Thus, there was natural change from hand printing to mechanical printing.
Who was the major producer of printed material in China and why?
(a) The imperial state was the major producer of printed material for long time. (b) It was the major producer of printed material because it recruited its personnel through civil service examinations. Textbooks for this examination were printed in large numbers by the imperial state. With the increRead more
(a) The imperial state was the major producer of printed material for long time.
See less(b) It was the major producer of printed material because it recruited its personnel
through civil service examinations. Textbooks for this examination were printed in large numbers by the imperial state. With the increase in the number of candidates for the examination, the volume of print also increased.
Where was the earliest kind of print technology developed? Explain that technology.
(a) The earliest kind of print technology was developed in China, Japan and Korea. (b) (i) The technology was a system of hand printing. (ii) Under this system, the books in China were printed by rubbing paper against the inked surface of woodblocks. (iii) As both sides of the thin, porous sheet couRead more
(a) The earliest kind of print technology was developed in China, Japan and Korea.
See less(b) (i) The technology was a system of hand printing.
(ii) Under this system, the books in China were printed by rubbing paper against the
inked surface of woodblocks.
(iii) As both sides of the thin, porous sheet could not be printed, the traditional Chinese
‘accordion book ‘was folded and stitched at the side.
Explain how the global transfer of disease in the pre-modern world helped in the colonisation of the Americas.
The colonisation of Americas took place in the mid-sixteenth century. It was, however, not due to superior military strength of the Spanish conquerors. It was primarily due to the global transfer of disease that helped in the colonisation of the Americas. The spaniards carried on their person, the gRead more
The colonisation of Americas took place in the mid-sixteenth century. It was, however, not due to superior military strength of the Spanish conquerors. It was primarily due to the global transfer of disease that helped in the colonisation of the Americas. The spaniards carried on their person, the germs such as those of small-pox into the Americas. The local inhabitants had no immunity against these diseases due to their long isolation. It resulted in spread of these diseases in the continent. Small-pox in particular killed and decimated many communities and paved the way for conquest and colonisation of the Americas.
for more answers vist to:
See lesshttps://www.tiwariacademy.com/ncert-solutions/class-10/social-science/history/chapter-1/
Give two examples of different types of global exchanges which took place before the seventeenth century, choosing one example from Asia and one from the Americas.
(a) Asia: The silk routes are an example of global exchanges which took place between distant parts of the world' The West-bound Chinese silk cargoes were sent through these routes. Many silk routes have been identified which linked vast areas of Asia with Europe northern Africa. These routes have eRead more
(a) Asia: The silk routes are an example of global exchanges which took place between distant parts of the world’ The West-bound Chinese silk cargoes were sent through these routes. Many silk routes have been identified which linked vast areas of Asia with Europe northern Africa. These routes have existed much before the Christian Era and were used till the fifteenth century. These routes were used for Chinese pottery and textiles and spices from India and Southeast Asia. In return, precious metals – gold and silver – flowed from Europe to Asia”. Trade and cultural exchange always went hand in hand. That is why the Christian missionaries, Muslim preachers too travelled along these routes” In ancient times, Buddhism spread in different directions through intersecting points on the silk routes.
(b) Americas: After the discovery of the Americas by Christopher Columbus, many of our common foods such as potatoes, soya, groundnuts, maize, tomatoes, Chilies came from America’s original inhabitants i.e., the American Indians. From the sixteenth century, America’ s vast lands, abundant crops and minerals transformed. trade and lives everywhere. Precious metals like Silver from mines in Peru and Mexico enhanced Europe’s wealth and financed its trade with Asia’ Thus, there were global exchanges even before the seventeenth century.
for more answers vist to:
See lesshttps://www.tiwariacademy.com/ncert-solutions/class-10/social-science/history/chapter-1/
compare the employment conditions prevailing in the organised and unorganised sectors.
The conditions in the organised and unorganised sectors are as follows: Organised sector: (i) Fixed working hons or time i.e., 9.30 a.m. 5.30 p.m. (ii) Regular salary at the end of the month. (iii) Various las such as Factories Act, Minimum Wages Act are applicable. (iv) Facilities such as providentRead more
The conditions in the organised and unorganised sectors are as follows:
See lessOrganised sector:
(i) Fixed working hons or time i.e., 9.30 a.m. 5.30 p.m.
(ii) Regular salary at the end of the month.
(iii) Various las such as Factories Act, Minimum Wages Act are applicable.
(iv) Facilities such as provident fund, medical allowance etc. are granted.
(v) Paid holidays such as Sundays and other holidays.
(vi) Appointment letter with conditions terms of service is issued.
(vii) Control of the government directly or indirectly.
(viii) In organised sector, a factory manager has to ensure facilities like drinking water and a safe working environment.
Unorganised sectors:
(i) No fixed working hours or time.
(ii) No regular salary.
(iii) No such laws are applicable or followed.
(iv) No facilities such as provident fund etc. are admissible.
(v) No paid holidays/other holidays are granted.
(vi) No appointment latter is issued. The employer can remove an employee any time.
(vii) Generally, there is no control of the government. Rules are there but these are generally not followed by the employers.
(viii) No arrangement such as of drinking water are made. Even if there is any such arrangement, that is rarely followed in practice.
(ix) No pension is granted in unorganised sector
“The Earth has enough resources to meet the needs of all but not enough to satisfy the greed of even one person.” How is this statement relevant to the discussion of development? Discuss.
It is a fact that earth has enough resources to meet the needs of all but not enough to satisfy the greed of even one person because that one person may exploit the natural resources recklessly. The reckless exploitation of resources may lead to their exhaustion and may damage the environment In sucRead more
It is a fact that earth has enough resources to meet the needs of all but not enough to satisfy the greed of even one person because that one person may exploit the natural resources recklessly. The reckless exploitation of resources may lead to their exhaustion and may damage the environment In such a situation what will happen if no natural resources are available? It will hamper the development process in all the countries in the world because fossil fuels and minerals are essential for development. The reckless use of minerals may disturb the balance in nature. This, it necessary to use resources judiciously for development and to adopt a strategy. Thus economic development that is environment friendly.
See lessMention different aspects of life in which women are discriminated or disadvantaged in India.
Sexual difference is biological but gender difference s sociological. Woman on the basis of gender have always been discriminated in almost all the societies of the world including India. Different aspects of life in which woman are discriminated or disadvantaged in India are as given below: (i) EduRead more
Sexual difference is biological but gender difference s sociological. Woman on the basis of gender have always been discriminated in almost all the societies of the world including India. Different aspects of life in which woman are discriminated or disadvantaged in India are as given below:
See less(i) Education: (a) Women are deprived of an equal access to education. Thus, the literacy rate among women in only 54 per cent as compared to 76 per cent among men. (b) A smaller proportion of girl student go for higher education because parents prefer to spend money on their rather than spending equally on both sons and daughters.
(ii) Discrimination in remuneration or salary: The number of women on highly paid job is less than men Women are discrimination in job opportunities as well as in appointment among highly paid and valued jobs. Under Equal Wages should be paid for equal work. In practice almost ln every sphere, women are paid less than man even when both do exactly the same work.
(iii) Preference for sons: Even now in many parts of Indian, parents prefer to have sons. There are cases where girl child is aborted before she is born. Due to sex-ratio has declined from 927 in 2001 to 850 or 800 in some places.
(iv) Cases harassment, exploitation and violence: Women are exploited by their employers. They are sexually assaulted at homes. They are not safe during their journey at night. They are subjected to various forms of domestic violence.