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Highlight any two key features of a secular state.
1. Equal respect for all religions: In a secular state, the government does not promote or oppose any religion and treats all faiths equally before the law. 2. Freedom of religious practice: Citizens are free to follow, preach, or change their religion without discrimination. These features protectRead more
1. Equal respect for all religions: In a secular state, the government does not promote or oppose any religion and treats all faiths equally before the law.
2. Freedom of religious practice: Citizens are free to follow, preach, or change their religion without discrimination.
These features protect individual rights and promote peace, tolerance and unity in a diverse society like India.
OR
1. A federal system has two or more levels of government, each functioning at different tiers for effective governance.
2. Each level of government governs the same set of citizens but handles distinct subjects related to law-making, taxation and administration within its jurisdiction.
3. The powers and responsibilities of every level of government are clearly defined in the Constitution, ensuring their legal authority and protection.
4. Constitutional changes cannot be made by a single level of government; both central and state governments must agree to any fundamental amendments.
5. The revenue sources for each level are clearly mentioned to provide financial independence and ensure smooth functioning of all tiers of government.
See lessA person plans to establish a copper smelting plant. He is advised to set it up in Rajasthan or Jharkhand. Analyse of geographical and economical reasons behind this advice.
Rajasthan and Jharkhand are ideal locations for establishing copper smelting plants due to several geographical and economic advantages: Availability of raw material: Major copper deposits are found in Khetri (Rajasthan) and Singhbhum (Jharkhand). Power and water supply: Both states provide reliableRead more
Rajasthan and Jharkhand are ideal locations for establishing copper smelting plants due to several geographical and economic advantages:
- Availability of raw material: Major copper deposits are found in Khetri (Rajasthan) and Singhbhum (Jharkhand).
- Power and water supply: Both states provide reliable electricity and water sources necessary for smelting.
- Industrial infrastructure: Existing mining industries and industrial belts support related activities.
- Transportation: Good road and rail connectivity facilitates the movement of raw materials and finished goods.
- Employment: Availability of skilled and unskilled labor lowers operational costs.
See lessThus, setting up the plant in these regions ensures cost efficiency, better resource utilization and sustainable industrial growth.
Read the given text and answer the following questions: According to the 2023 report released by the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, about 29.7 % of India’s total geographical area is undergoing various forms of land degradation. Rajasthan, Maharashtra, Gujarat and Madhya Pradesh are the worst – affected states. The causes of degradation include overgrazing, deforestation, mining activities, over – irrigation and improper agricultural practices. It is also noted that population pressure and expansion of urban areas have accelerated soil erosion and desertification. The Indian government has pledged to restore 26 million hectares of degraded land by 2030, aligning with its commitment to Land Degradation Neutrality (LDN) under the UN Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD). States like Haryana and Rajasthan have begun implementing soil conservation methods, including contour bunding, shelter belts, afforestation, crop rotation and promoting organic farming in semi – arid regions. However, more institutional and technological support is needed for long – term sustainability. (i) Name any one state mentioned in the case that is implementing land restoration programmes and mention one method used. (ii) Explain any two human – induced causes of land degradation in India. (iii) What is India’s national – level target for land restoration by 2030 under the UNCCD commitment?
(i) Rajasthan is among the states working on land restoration. It has adopted techniques such as contour bunding, afforestation and other soil conservation measures to reduce erosion and improve soil fertility in degraded areas. (ii) Two major human-induced causes of land degradation in India are: ORead more
(i) Rajasthan is among the states working on land restoration. It has adopted techniques such as contour bunding, afforestation and other soil conservation measures to reduce erosion and improve soil fertility in degraded areas.
(ii) Two major human-induced causes of land degradation in India are:
(iii) Under its commitment to the UN Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD), India has set a national target to restore 26 million hectares of degraded land by 2030 through sustainable land management practices.
See lessWhich of the following statement(s) is true with respect to the current ruling party of India, Bharatiya Janata Party: I. The party wants to ban religious conversions. II. The party wants full territorial and political integration of Tibet with India. III. Cultural nationalism or Hindutva is important element in BJP’s conception of Indian nationhood and politics. Which of the following statements is/are correct?
The BJP’s ideology is rooted in cultural nationalism (Hindutva), promoting unity through India’s traditional values and heritage. It also supports a policy framework discouraging religious conversions. However, the idea of integrating Tibet with India is not part of its political agenda. Therefore,Read more
The BJP’s ideology is rooted in cultural nationalism (Hindutva), promoting unity through India’s traditional values and heritage. It also supports a policy framework discouraging religious conversions. However, the idea of integrating Tibet with India is not part of its political agenda. Therefore, statements I and III are correct, while II is incorrect. Correct Option: (c) I and III
See lessConsider the following case and choose the correct option: Suppose the Central Government introduces a new education policy. The Government of Tamilnadu opposes it, arguing that education is a State subject. Can the Central Government enforce this policy?
The subject of education lies in the Concurrent List, where both Central and State Governments share legislative powers. Therefore, the Central Government can introduce and implement an education policy even if a state disagrees. In case of any conflict between the two, the Central law overrides theRead more
The subject of education lies in the Concurrent List, where both Central and State Governments share legislative powers. Therefore, the Central Government can introduce and implement an education policy even if a state disagrees. In case of any conflict between the two, the Central law overrides the State law, ensuring uniformity and coordination in educational reforms nationwide. Correct Option: (a) Yes, because education is a Concurrent List Subject.
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