NCERT Solution for Class 10 Science Chapter 8
How do Organisms Reproduce?
NCERT Books for Session 2022-2023
CBSE Board and UP Board
Intext Questions
Page No-133
Questions No-5
Why is DNA copying an essential part of the process of reproduction?
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DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid) copying is an essential part of reproduction as it passes genetic information from parents to offspring. It determines the body design of an individual. The reproducing cells produce a copy of their DNA through some chemical reactions and result in two copies of DNA. The copying of DNA always takes place along with the creation of additional cellular structure. This process is then followed by division of a cell to form two cells.
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The process of reproduction results in the production of off springs which resemble to their parents. This means during the reproduction there must be a transfer of the blueprint of the body design from parent to the off springs. As we know DNA contains all the information that passes from parents to the next generation, so before reproduction, DNA is copied in the parent cell. Out of these two copies, one copy is passed to the newly formed individual.
DNA copying is an essential part of reproduction as it passes genetic information from parents to offspring. It determines the body design of an individual. The reproducing cells produce a copy of their DNA through some chemical reactions and result in two copies of DNA. The copying of DNA always takes place along with the creation of additional cellular structure. This process is then followed by division of a cell to form two cells.
DNA contains the genetic information which transfers from parents to offspring and copying of DNA is the process in reproduction due to which genetic information transfers.
DNA copying, also known as DNA replication, is an essential part of the process of reproduction for several reasons:
1. Transmission of Genetic Information: DNA carries the genetic information that determines the traits and characteristics of an organism. Reproduction is the process by which organisms produce offspring, and for the offspring to inherit the genetic information from their parents, an accurate copy of the DNA must be made.
2. Maintaining Genetic Continuity: DNA replication ensures the continuity of genetic information from one generation to the next. Each new cell or organism needs a complete set of genetic instructions to function properly. DNA replication allows the transmission of genetic material to daughter cells during cell division or to offspring during sexual reproduction.
3. Cell Division: In asexual reproduction, cell division is the primary mechanism for producing new organisms. DNA replication is an integral part of cell division, ensuring that each daughter cell receives a complete and identical copy of the genetic material from the parent cell.
4. Variation in Sexual Reproduction: In sexual reproduction, DNA replication is crucial for producing gametes (sperm and egg cells). The process of DNA replication is followed by genetic recombination during meiosis, which introduces variability in the genetic makeup of the offspring. This variation is essential for the evolution and adaptation of populations over time.
5. Repair and Maintenance: DNA replication also plays a role in the repair and maintenance of the genetic material. DNA can be damaged by various environmental factors or errors in cellular processes. DNA replication mechanisms include proofreading and repair mechanisms to correct errors and maintain the integrity of the genetic code.
In summary, DNA replication is a fundamental process in reproduction because it ensures the accurate transmission of genetic information, maintains genetic continuity, allows for variation in sexual reproduction, and contributes to the overall stability and functionality of living organisms.