A mechanical wave is a disturbance that travels through a medium, transferring energy from one point to another. It requires a medium like solid, liquid or gas to propagate. Examples include sound waves, water waves and seismic waves. Mechanical waves can be transverse or longitudinal based on particle motion.
Oscillations in Class 11 Physics Chapter 13 cover periodic motion where a body moves to and fro about a fixed point. It includes concepts like simple harmonic motion, time period, frequency and amplitude. The chapter explains energy in oscillations and damped and forced oscillations. It is important for CBSE Exam 2024-25 as it builds a foundation for wave motion.
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A mechanical wave needs a medium (air, water, or solids) in which to propagate. Since it travels along compressions and rarefactions in a medium, sound waves are mechanical waves.
Light waves, radio waves, and X-rays are electromagnetic waves, unrelated to a medium and certainly able to travel through a vacuum.
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