Gastric glands in the stomach release hydrochloric acid, the protein-digesting enzyme pepsin, and mucus. These substances contribute to the breakdown of food and protect the stomach lining.
What role do the gastric glands in the stomach play in digestion, and what substances do they release?
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Gastric glands in the stomach contribute significantly to digestion by secreting gastric juices. These juices contain hydrochloric acid, maintaining the stomach’s acidic environment crucial for activating digestive enzymes. Chief cells release pepsinogen, which is converted to pepsin in the acidic milieu. Pepsin is essential for breaking down proteins into smaller peptides. Additionally, mucous cells secrete mucus, forming a protective layer that shields the stomach lining from the corrosive effects of gastric acid. Together, these substances facilitate the mechanical and chemical breakdown of ingested food, preparing it for further digestion and absorption in the small intestine.