What is the role of parenchyma tissue in aquatic plants, and what specialized type of parenchyma does it form?

In aquatic plants, parenchyma tissue plays a crucial role in buoyancy and gas exchange. Specialized parenchyma known as aerenchyma is formed in these plants. Aerenchyma consists of loosely arranged parenchyma cells with large intercellular air spaces. This tissue provides buoyancy to keep the plant afloat in water, aiding in the efficient exchange of gases, particularly oxygen and carbon dioxide, between the submerged parts of the plant and the surrounding water. Aerenchyma facilitates oxygen transport to submerged roots and other tissues, preventing oxygen deficiency, and is an adaptation to the unique challenges faced by plants in aquatic environments.