Glucocorticoids control carbohydrate metabolism, modulate inflammatory reactions, and respond to stress, while mineralocorticoids regulate water and salt excretion by the kidneys.
What are the functions of glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids released by the adrenal cortex?
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Glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids are hormones released by the adrenal cortex. Glucocorticoids, like cortisol, regulate metabolism by promoting gluconeogenesis, suppressing inflammation and immune responses, and influencing stress responses. Mineralocorticoids, primarily aldosterone, regulate electrolyte and fluid balance by promoting sodium reabsorption and potassium excretion in the kidneys, thus controlling blood pressure and overall mineral homeostasis. Together, these adrenal cortex hormones play crucial roles in maintaining physiological balance, responding to stress, and ensuring proper functioning of metabolic and cardiovascular systems in the body.