Alveoli are balloon-like structures within the lungs where the exchange of gases occurs. They provide a surface for the absorption of oxygen and release of carbon dioxide.
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Alveoli are balloon-like structures within the lungs that serve as the primary sites for gas exchange in the respiratory system. These tiny, air-filled sacs are the endpoints of the branching bronchioles in the lungs. The walls of the alveoli are thin and surrounded by an extensive network of blood vessels. Oxygen from inhaled air diffuses across these thin walls into the bloodstream, while carbon dioxide, produced by cellular respiration, diffuses from the blood into the alveoli to be expelled during exhalation. Alveoli maximize the surface area available for efficient exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide, essential for respiratory function.