Kinetic energy is the energy an object has due to its motion. It depends on mass and speed. Faster or heavier objects have more kinetic energy. It is calculated using the formula KE = ½ mv². Kinetic energy can be transferred and transformed into other energy forms like heat or sound.
Chapter 12 of Class 11 Physics covers waves for the CBSE Exam 2024-25. Waves are disturbances that transfer energy through a medium or space. They are classified as mechanical and electromagnetic. Mechanical waves need a medium while electromagnetic waves do not. Important concepts include wavelength amplitude frequency and wave speed. The chapter also explains reflection and refraction.
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The average kinetic energy (KE_avg) of a gas molecule is given by:
KE_avg = (3/2) k_B T
where:
– k_B is Boltzmann’s constant,
– T is the absolute temperature.
Since KE_avg ∝ T, the average kinetic energy of a gas molecule is directly proportional to the temperature in Kelvin. This means that as temperature increases, the kinetic energy of gas molecules also increases.
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