A coefficient is a numerical or constant factor that quantifies a specific property or relationship in equations or phenomena. It represents proportionality or variation in fields like physics and mathematics. Examples include the coefficient of friction coefficient of expansion and coefficient of restitution which describe diverse physical behaviors and relationships.
Class 11 Physics Chapter 10 Thermal Properties of Matter focuses on the study of heat transfer and its effects on different substances. It explains concepts like thermal expansion specific heat capacity and heat transfer methods. The chapter emphasizes understanding thermometric properties and the behavior of matter under temperature variations for CBSE Exam 2024-25.
The coefficient of linear expansion, denoted by α, is defined as the fractional change in length of the material for a unit change in temperature at constant pressure when the material is heated or cooled.
Mathematically, it is defined as:
α = (1/L) * (dL/dT)
where
α is the coefficient of linear expansion,
L is the initial length of the material,
dL is the change in length,
dT is the change in temperature.
The units of α are per degree Celsius (°C⁻¹) or per Kelvin (K⁻¹).
Limits:
– α is nearly constant for most solids in a narrow range of temperature.
– The value of α increases with temperature for some materials but is constant for many solid materials within small variations in temperature.
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