NCERT Solution for Class 10 Science Chapter 6
Life Processes
NCERT Books for Session 2022-2023
CBSE Board and UP Board
Exercises Questions
Page No-113
Questions No-13
Compare the functioning of alveoli in the lungs and nephrons in the kidneys with respect to their structure and functioning.
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Alveoli:
1. Alveoli are tiny balloon-like structures present inside the lungs.
2. The walls of the alveoli are one cell thick and it contains an extensive network of blood capillaries.
3. The exchange of O2 and CO2 takes place between the blood of the capillaries that surround the alveoli and the gases present in the alveoli.
Alveoli are the site of gaseous exchange.
Nephron:
1. Nephrons are tubular structures present inside the kidneys.
2. Nephrons are made of glomerulus, bowman’s capsule, and a long renal tube. It also contains a cluster of thin walled capillaries.
3. The blood enters the kidneys through the renal artery which branches into many capillaries in the glomerulus. The water and solute are transferred to the nephron at Bowman’s capsule. Then the filtrate moves through the proximal tubule, distal tubule and collecting duct. The collecting duct collects the urine from many nephrons and passes it to the ureter. During the flow of filtrate, some substances such as glucose, amino acids, and water are selectively reabsorbed.
Nephrons are the basic filtration unit.
Alveoli
1. Alveoli are functional unit of lungs.
2. A mature lung has about 30 crore alveoli.
3. Alveoli provide a wide surface for gaseous exchange.
4. The exchange of O2 and CO2 takes place through the network of capillaries in alveoli.
Nephron
1. Nephrons are functional unit of kidney.
2. A kidney has about 10 lakh nephrons.
3. The surface area of a nephron is not much more.
4. The Bowman’s capsule in nephron regulates the concentration of water and salts.
Alveoli
Alveoli are sac like structure.
Alveoli have network of blood capillaries on their walls.
Exchange of materials takes place through diffusion.
Nephrons
Nephrons are a network of very fine tubules.
Nephrons act like transit point for blood capillaries.
Exchange of materials takes place because of high pressure.