Rutherford’s accelerating electrons should radiate energy and collapse into the nucleus, causing atomic instability. Bohr resolved this by proposing that electrons revolve in discrete non-radiating orbits called stationary states, preventing atomic collapse.
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Element a is Lithium Li with 3 electrons, 1 valence electron, valency 1 and atomic number 3. Element b is Carbon C with 6 electrons, 4 valence electrons, valency 4 and atomic number 6. Element c is Phosphorus P with ...
Magnesium contains 12 protons, 12 neutrons and 12 electrons. The 12 electrons are distributed across shells in the electronic configuration 2, 8, 2, placing two in K-shell, eight in L-shell and two in M-shell.
Option (ii) is the correct choice. Both statements are scientifically true, but the equality of protons and electrons explains electrical neutrality rather than providing the fundamental reason why discovering subatomic constituents clarified atomic architecture.
Electrons do not fly away because a strong electrostatic force of attraction binds them to the nucleus. The positively charged protons in the nucleus continuously pull the negatively charged orbiting electrons toward the center.