Atomic number stays 12 since proton count is unchanged. Atomic mass increases slightly because the orbiting particles are heavier. Mass number remains 24 since nuclear nucleons are unchanged. Overall charge remains zero.
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Rutherford’s accelerating electrons should radiate energy and collapse into the nucleus, causing atomic instability. Bohr resolved this by proposing that electrons revolve in discrete non-radiating orbits called stationary states, preventing atomic collapse.
Option (ii) is the correct choice. Both statements are scientifically true, but the equality of protons and electrons explains electrical neutrality rather than providing the fundamental reason why discovering subatomic constituents clarified atomic architecture.
Statement (iii) is correct because electrons occupy discrete stationary orbits without radiating energy. Statements (i), (ii) and (iv) are incorrect because electrons possess fixed quantized energies and cannot spiral inward or exist between allowed levels.