(i) Test osmosis effect. (ii) Use equal size and weight carrots, measure weight. (iii) Plain water makes carrot stiff due to water gain; salt solution removes water, making it limp.
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The incorrect pair is (ii) SER — Lipid and cellulose synthesis because SER synthesises lipids but not cellulose. Ribosomes make proteins and lysosomes digest materials correctly.
If mitochondria are removed, the cell cannot produce energy. Without energy, cellular activities stop and the cell eventually dies due to lack of ATP.
Improper mitosis can cause uncontrolled cell division, forming tumours. Faulty meiosis can lead to genetic disorders, abnormal chromosome numbers or reproductive problems in organisms.
Cells have many small mitochondria instead of one large one to increase surface area. More surface area allows faster energy production, efficient reactions and better distribution of energy throughout the cell.