For A, acceleration = 1 m s⁻² and displacement in 5 s = 12.5 m. For B, acceleration = 0.3 m s⁻² and displacement in 10 s = 15 m. Their velocity-time graphs are straight lines from the origin.
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An object kept on the Earth can be considered at rest relative to the Earth, because its position does not change with respect to the Earth. However, relative to the Sun, it is moving.
The bus speed is 10 m s⁻¹. During reaction, it travels 5 m. Braking distance = 10²/(2 × 2.5) = 20 m. Total stopping distance = 25 m, less than 30 m. Yes, it stops safely.
Yes, the scooter can be accelerating even when its speed remains constant. This happens when its direction of motion changes, such as while moving along a circular path. Acceleration changes velocity, not necessarily speed.
The student travels 4 × 3 = 12 m upward and then 2 × 3 = 6 m downward. Therefore, total distance = 18 m and displacement from the ground floor = 6 m upward.