Mahmud’s invasion of the Somnath Temple is considered his most significant attack because the temple was extremely wealthy and held great religious importance. The massive loot taken from Somnath greatly increased his treasury. This campaign also enhanced his reputation as ...
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Mahmud Ghaznavi was the first ruler of Ghazni to receive the title “Sultan” from the Abbasid Khalifa. This recognition increased his political legitimacy and strengthened his authority in Central and South Asia. By adopting this title, he elevated his status ...
Although Qutbuddin Aibak began constructing the Qutub Minar, it was completed by his successor, Iltutmish. The tower served as a victory monument and a symbol of Islamic power in Delhi. Iltutmish added several storeys and strengthened the structure, making it ...
Qutbuddin Aibak, a former slave of Muhammad Ghori, founded the Slave Dynasty in 1206 AD after Ghori’s death. As the first Sultan of Delhi, he consolidated Turkish rule in North India and laid the foundation for future expansion. His successors, ...
In the 13th century Delhi Sultanate, the Sipahsalar was the highest-ranking military commander. He was responsible for leading armies, planning campaigns, and advising the Sultan on defence matters. The position carried immense authority and influence. Many powerful nobles rose to ...