(i) This order announced a major policy decision. (ii) According to this, the Mandal Commission gave a recommendation for 27 per cent of the government jobs to be reserved for the Socially and Economically Backward Classes (SEBC) in India. (ii) SEBC is another name for- all those people who belong tRead more
(i) This order announced a major policy decision.
(ii) According to this, the Mandal Commission gave a recommendation for
27 per cent of the government jobs to be reserved for the Socially and
Economically Backward Classes (SEBC) in India.
(ii) SEBC is another name for- all those people who belong to castes that are
considered backward by the government.
(iv) The benefit of job reservation was till then available only to scheduled
castes and scheduled tribes.
(r,) Now a new third category called SEBC was introduced’ Only persons
who belonged to backward castes were eligible for this quota of 27 pet
cent government jobs. Others could not compete for these jobs.
(i) A judge can be removed only by an impeachment motion passed separately by two-third members of the two Houses of the Parliament. (ii) Similarly, with impeachment, even President of India can be removed. It is passed by both the Houses of Parliament by two-third members majority.
(i) A judge can be removed only by an impeachment motion passed
separately by two-third members of the two Houses of the Parliament.
(ii) Similarly, with impeachment, even President of India can be removed.
It is passed by both the Houses of Parliament by two-third members
majority.
(i) Cabinet is formed by the top-level leaders of the ruling party or parties who are in charge of the major ministries. (ii) Usually the cabinet meets to take decisions in the name of the Council of Ministers. (iii) Cabinet is thus the inner ring of the Council of ministers. It comprises about twenRead more
(i) Cabinet is formed by the top-level leaders of the ruling party or parties
who are in charge of the major ministries.
(ii) Usually the cabinet meets to take decisions in the name of the Council of
Ministers.
(iii) Cabinet is thus the inner ring of the Council of ministers. It comprises about
twenty ministers.
(i) The ministers are usually from the party or the coalition that has the majority in the Lok Sabha. (ii) The Prime Minister is free to choose ministers as long as they are members of Parliament. (iii) Sometimes, a person who is not a member of Parliament can also become a minister. But such a persRead more
(i) The ministers are usually from the party or the coalition that has the
majority in the Lok Sabha.
(ii) The Prime Minister is free to choose ministers as long as they are members
of Parliament.
(iii) Sometimes, a person who is not a member of Parliament can also become
a minister. But such a person has to get elected to one of the Houses of
Parliament within six months of appointment as minister.
(i) At different levels of any government, we find functionaries who take day-to-day decisions but do not exercise supreme powers on behalf of the people. (ii) All those functionaries are collectively known as executive. (iii) They are called executive because they are in charge of the 'execution' oRead more
(i) At different levels of any government, we find functionaries who take
day-to-day decisions but do not exercise supreme powers on behalf of
the people.
(ii) All those functionaries are collectively known as executive.
(iii) They are called executive because they are in charge of the ‘execution’ of
the policies of the government.
Thus, when we talk about ‘the government’ we usually mean ‘executive’.
(i) It might appear that the Rajya Sabha has more power, for it is called 'Upper Chamber' and the Lok Sabha the 'Lower Chamber'. (ii) But this does not mean that Rajya Sabha is more powerful than Lok Sabha. This is just an old style of speaking and not the language used in our constitution. (iii) OuRead more
(i) It might appear that the Rajya Sabha has more power, for it is called
‘Upper Chamber’ and the Lok Sabha the ‘Lower Chamber’.
(ii) But this does not mean that Rajya Sabha is more powerful than Lok
Sabha. This is just an old style of speaking and not the language used in
our constitution.
(iii) Our constitution does give the Rajya Sabha some special powers over
the states. But on most of the matters the Lok Sabha exercises supreme
power.
(i) In recent years, the courts have given several judgements and directives to protect public interest and human rights. (ii) Anyone can approach the courts, if public interest is hurt by the actions of the government. This is called Public Interest Litigation. (iii) The courts intervene to preventRead more
(i) In recent years, the courts have given several judgements and directives
to protect public interest and human rights.
(ii) Anyone can approach the courts, if public interest is hurt by the actions
of the government. This is called Public Interest Litigation.
(iii) The courts intervene to prevent the misuse of the government’s power
to make decisions. They check malpractices on the part of the public
officials.
It means that the Supreme Court controls the judicial administration in the country. Its decisions are binding on all the other courts of the country. It can take up any dispute: (i) between the citizens of the county; (ii) between citizens and the government; (iii) between two or more state governmRead more
It means that the Supreme Court controls the judicial administration in the
country. Its decisions are binding on all the other courts of the country. It can
take up any dispute:
(i) between the citizens of the county;
(ii) between citizens and the government;
(iii) between two or more state governments; and
(iv) between the union and state governments.
It is the highest court of appeal in civil and criminal cases. If can hear
appeals against the decisions of the high courts.
(i) The Judiciary is not under the control of the Legislature or the Executive. (ii) The judges do not act on the directions of the government or according to the wishes of the party in power. (iii) That is why, all modern democracies have units that are independent of the Legislature and the ExecutRead more
(i) The Judiciary is not under the control of the Legislature or the Executive.
(ii) The judges do not act on the directions of the government or according
to the wishes of the party in power.
(iii) That is why, all modern democracies have units that are independent of
the Legislature and the Executive.
(i) The President appoints the Prime Minister. When a party or coalition of parties secures a clear majority in the elections, the President has to appoint the leader of the majority party or the coalition that enjoys majority support in the Lok Sabha. (ii) When no party or coalition gets a majorityRead more
(i) The President appoints the Prime Minister. When a party or coalition
of parties secures a clear majority in the elections, the President has
to appoint the leader of the majority party or the coalition that enjoys
majority support in the Lok Sabha.
(ii) When no party or coalition gets a majority in the Lok Sabha, the President
exercises his or her discretion. The President appoints a leader who, in
her opinion, can muster majority support in the Lok Sabha. In such a
case, the President can ask the newly appointed Prime Minister to prove
a majority support in the Lok Sabha within a specified time.
What is the ‘Office Memorandum’? Give example.
(i) This order announced a major policy decision. (ii) According to this, the Mandal Commission gave a recommendation for 27 per cent of the government jobs to be reserved for the Socially and Economically Backward Classes (SEBC) in India. (ii) SEBC is another name for- all those people who belong tRead more
(i) This order announced a major policy decision.
See less(ii) According to this, the Mandal Commission gave a recommendation for
27 per cent of the government jobs to be reserved for the Socially and
Economically Backward Classes (SEBC) in India.
(ii) SEBC is another name for- all those people who belong to castes that are
considered backward by the government.
(iv) The benefit of job reservation was till then available only to scheduled
castes and scheduled tribes.
(r,) Now a new third category called SEBC was introduced’ Only persons
who belonged to backward castes were eligible for this quota of 27 pet
cent government jobs. Others could not compete for these jobs.
What is Impeachment Motion?
(i) A judge can be removed only by an impeachment motion passed separately by two-third members of the two Houses of the Parliament. (ii) Similarly, with impeachment, even President of India can be removed. It is passed by both the Houses of Parliament by two-third members majority.
(i) A judge can be removed only by an impeachment motion passed
See lessseparately by two-third members of the two Houses of the Parliament.
(ii) Similarly, with impeachment, even President of India can be removed.
It is passed by both the Houses of Parliament by two-third members
majority.
Who forms the cabinet?
(i) Cabinet is formed by the top-level leaders of the ruling party or parties who are in charge of the major ministries. (ii) Usually the cabinet meets to take decisions in the name of the Council of Ministers. (iii) Cabinet is thus the inner ring of the Council of ministers. It comprises about twenRead more
(i) Cabinet is formed by the top-level leaders of the ruling party or parties
See lesswho are in charge of the major ministries.
(ii) Usually the cabinet meets to take decisions in the name of the Council of
Ministers.
(iii) Cabinet is thus the inner ring of the Council of ministers. It comprises about
twenty ministers.
How are ministers appointed?
(i) The ministers are usually from the party or the coalition that has the majority in the Lok Sabha. (ii) The Prime Minister is free to choose ministers as long as they are members of Parliament. (iii) Sometimes, a person who is not a member of Parliament can also become a minister. But such a persRead more
(i) The ministers are usually from the party or the coalition that has the
See lessmajority in the Lok Sabha.
(ii) The Prime Minister is free to choose ministers as long as they are members
of Parliament.
(iii) Sometimes, a person who is not a member of Parliament can also become
a minister. But such a person has to get elected to one of the Houses of
Parliament within six months of appointment as minister.
What does executive mean?
(i) At different levels of any government, we find functionaries who take day-to-day decisions but do not exercise supreme powers on behalf of the people. (ii) All those functionaries are collectively known as executive. (iii) They are called executive because they are in charge of the 'execution' oRead more
(i) At different levels of any government, we find functionaries who take
See lessday-to-day decisions but do not exercise supreme powers on behalf of
the people.
(ii) All those functionaries are collectively known as executive.
(iii) They are called executive because they are in charge of the ‘execution’ of
the policies of the government.
Thus, when we talk about ‘the government’ we usually mean ‘executive’.
Which of the two Houses is more powerful?
(i) It might appear that the Rajya Sabha has more power, for it is called 'Upper Chamber' and the Lok Sabha the 'Lower Chamber'. (ii) But this does not mean that Rajya Sabha is more powerful than Lok Sabha. This is just an old style of speaking and not the language used in our constitution. (iii) OuRead more
(i) It might appear that the Rajya Sabha has more power, for it is called
See less‘Upper Chamber’ and the Lok Sabha the ‘Lower Chamber’.
(ii) But this does not mean that Rajya Sabha is more powerful than Lok
Sabha. This is just an old style of speaking and not the language used in
our constitution.
(iii) Our constitution does give the Rajya Sabha some special powers over
the states. But on most of the matters the Lok Sabha exercises supreme
power.
What do you understand by Public Interest Litigation?
(i) In recent years, the courts have given several judgements and directives to protect public interest and human rights. (ii) Anyone can approach the courts, if public interest is hurt by the actions of the government. This is called Public Interest Litigation. (iii) The courts intervene to preventRead more
(i) In recent years, the courts have given several judgements and directives
See lessto protect public interest and human rights.
(ii) Anyone can approach the courts, if public interest is hurt by the actions
of the government. This is called Public Interest Litigation.
(iii) The courts intervene to prevent the misuse of the government’s power
to make decisions. They check malpractices on the part of the public
officials.
What does ‘integration of judiciary’ mean?
It means that the Supreme Court controls the judicial administration in the country. Its decisions are binding on all the other courts of the country. It can take up any dispute: (i) between the citizens of the county; (ii) between citizens and the government; (iii) between two or more state governmRead more
It means that the Supreme Court controls the judicial administration in the
See lesscountry. Its decisions are binding on all the other courts of the country. It can
take up any dispute:
(i) between the citizens of the county;
(ii) between citizens and the government;
(iii) between two or more state governments; and
(iv) between the union and state governments.
It is the highest court of appeal in civil and criminal cases. If can hear
appeals against the decisions of the high courts.
What does ‘independence of judiciary’ mean?
(i) The Judiciary is not under the control of the Legislature or the Executive. (ii) The judges do not act on the directions of the government or according to the wishes of the party in power. (iii) That is why, all modern democracies have units that are independent of the Legislature and the ExecutRead more
(i) The Judiciary is not under the control of the Legislature or the Executive.
See less(ii) The judges do not act on the directions of the government or according
to the wishes of the party in power.
(iii) That is why, all modern democracies have units that are independent of
the Legislature and the Executive.
What are the discretionary powers of the President?
(i) The President appoints the Prime Minister. When a party or coalition of parties secures a clear majority in the elections, the President has to appoint the leader of the majority party or the coalition that enjoys majority support in the Lok Sabha. (ii) When no party or coalition gets a majorityRead more
(i) The President appoints the Prime Minister. When a party or coalition
See lessof parties secures a clear majority in the elections, the President has
to appoint the leader of the majority party or the coalition that enjoys
majority support in the Lok Sabha.
(ii) When no party or coalition gets a majority in the Lok Sabha, the President
exercises his or her discretion. The President appoints a leader who, in
her opinion, can muster majority support in the Lok Sabha. In such a
case, the President can ask the newly appointed Prime Minister to prove
a majority support in the Lok Sabha within a specified time.