A thermostat in a refrigerator serves to maintain a consistent internal temperature. It operates by sensing the temperature inside the refrigerator and activating or deactivating the cooling mechanism as needed. When the internal temperature rises above a preset level, the thermostat signals the comRead more
A thermostat in a refrigerator serves to maintain a consistent internal temperature. It operates by sensing the temperature inside the refrigerator and activating or deactivating the cooling mechanism as needed. When the internal temperature rises above a preset level, the thermostat signals the compressor to start cooling. Conversely, when the temperature drops to the desired level, it turns off the compressor to prevent further cooling. This regulation ensures that the refrigerator maintains an optimal temperature for food preservation, preventing it from becoming too warm, which could spoil the food, or too cold, which could unnecessarily freeze items. By maintaining a steady temperature, the thermostat helps ensure energy efficiency and the effective functioning of the refrigerator. Therefore, the primary function of a thermostat in a refrigerator is to maintain the same temperature, making the correct answer [C] To maintain the same temperature.
In an isothermal change, a thermodynamic process occurs at a constant temperature. This means that the temperature of the system remains unchanged throughout the process. For this to happen, heat must be exchanged with the surroundings to compensate for any work done by or on the system. For exampleRead more
In an isothermal change, a thermodynamic process occurs at a constant temperature. This means that the temperature of the system remains unchanged throughout the process. For this to happen, heat must be exchanged with the surroundings to compensate for any work done by or on the system. For example, in an isothermal expansion, the system absorbs heat from the surroundings to maintain its temperature while doing work on the surroundings. Conversely, in an isothermal compression, the system releases heat to the surroundings as work is done on it. This type of process is often idealized in the study of gases, particularly in the context of the ideal gas law, where the product of pressure and volume remains constant if temperature is constant. Thus, in an isothermal change, the defining characteristic is that the temperature remains unchanged, making the correct answer [B] Temperature remains unchanged.
In an adiabatic change, a thermodynamic process occurs without any heat exchange between the system and its surroundings, meaning the heat remains unchanged. This is achieved by perfectly insulating the system. Despite no heat transfer, the temperature of the system can change as a result of work beRead more
In an adiabatic change, a thermodynamic process occurs without any heat exchange between the system and its surroundings, meaning the heat remains unchanged. This is achieved by perfectly insulating the system. Despite no heat transfer, the temperature of the system can change as a result of work being done on or by the system. For example, in an adiabatic expansion, the system does work on the surroundings, leading to a decrease in temperature, while in adiabatic compression, work is done on the system, causing an increase in temperature. This principle is crucial in understanding processes like the expansion of gases in engines or atmospheric phenomena. The conservation of energy still applies, but the energy change manifests solely as changes in internal energy, not heat transfer. Therefore, in an adiabatic change, the correct answer is [A] Heat remains unchanged.
The concept of internal energy is fundamentally derived from the first law of thermodynamics, which is also known as the law of energy conservation. This law states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed from one form to another within a closed system. Internal energy refers toRead more
The concept of internal energy is fundamentally derived from the first law of thermodynamics, which is also known as the law of energy conservation. This law states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed from one form to another within a closed system. Internal energy refers to the total energy contained within a system, encompassing both the kinetic energy of particles and the potential energy arising from intermolecular forces. The first law of thermodynamics provides a comprehensive framework for understanding how energy is stored, transferred, and conserved within a system. It articulates that the change in internal energy of a system is equal to the heat added to the system minus the work done by the system on its surroundings. This foundational principle is crucial for analyzing thermodynamic processes and systems in various scientific and engineering applications. Therefore, the correct answer is [B] First law.
The first law of thermodynamics, or the law of energy conservation, is fundamental in physics and thermodynamics. It asserts that the total energy in an isolated system remains constant. This means energy can neither be created nor destroyed; it can only change forms, such as from kinetic to potentiRead more
The first law of thermodynamics, or the law of energy conservation, is fundamental in physics and thermodynamics. It asserts that the total energy in an isolated system remains constant. This means energy can neither be created nor destroyed; it can only change forms, such as from kinetic to potential energy, or from chemical energy to thermal energy. The principle does not directly address momentum, which is conserved in a different context under Newton’s laws of motion. The conservation of energy applies universally across all processes, ensuring that the total energy before and after any transformation or transfer remains equal. This law underpins much of modern physics and engineering, dictating how energy systems are analyzed and designed. Thus, while momentum conservation is a crucial concept in its own right, it is the conservation of energy that is explicitly protected by the first law of thermodynamics. Therefore, the correct answer is [B] Energy.
Steam burns hands more severely than boiling water due to the latent heat it contains; option [A]. Latent heat is the extra energy required to change water from liquid to vapor without changing its temperature. When steam comes into contact with the skin, it condenses back into liquid water, releasiRead more
Steam burns hands more severely than boiling water due to the latent heat it contains; option [A]. Latent heat is the extra energy required to change water from liquid to vapor without changing its temperature. When steam comes into contact with the skin, it condenses back into liquid water, releasing this stored latent heat. This process transfers a significant amount of energy to the skin, which is much more than what boiling water would transfer at the same temperature. Boiling water only transfers heat at 100°C, but when steam condenses, it releases additional heat as it changes phase from gas to liquid. This results in a higher amount of energy being delivered to the skin, causing more severe burns. Therefore, the presence of latent heat in steam is the primary reason it causes more intense burns than boiling water.
The latent heat of vaporization of water is 536 Cal/g, which is the amount of heat needed to convert 1 gram of water at its boiling point (100°C) into steam without any change in temperature. This latent heat is crucial in understanding why steam causes more severe burns than boiling water. When steRead more
The latent heat of vaporization of water is 536 Cal/g, which is the amount of heat needed to convert 1 gram of water at its boiling point (100°C) into steam without any change in temperature. This latent heat is crucial in understanding why steam causes more severe burns than boiling water. When steam condenses on the skin, it releases this latent heat, transferring a substantial amount of energy to the skin. This energy transfer is significantly higher than that of boiling water at the same temperature, leading to more severe burns. Therefore, the correct answer to the latent heat of vaporization of water is [A] 536 Cal/g. This concept is essential in various fields, including thermodynamics and medical treatment of burns, highlighting the importance of understanding the thermal properties of substances.
The latent heat of melting of ice is 80 Cal/g. This is the amount of heat required to convert 1 gram of ice at 0°C into liquid water at the same temperature, without any temperature change. This energy is necessary to overcome the molecular forces holding the ice crystals together. Understanding theRead more
The latent heat of melting of ice is 80 Cal/g. This is the amount of heat required to convert 1 gram of ice at 0°C into liquid water at the same temperature, without any temperature change. This energy is necessary to overcome the molecular forces holding the ice crystals together. Understanding the latent heat of melting is crucial in various scientific and engineering applications, such as climate studies, refrigeration, and the design of thermal energy storage systems. It explains why ice takes a significant amount of time and energy to melt compared to heating water by a similar amount. Therefore, the correct answer to the value of the latent heat of melting of ice is [C] 80 Cal/g. This fundamental concept is key to numerous processes involving phase changes and energy calculations in thermodynamics.
The heat required to change a unit mass of a solid substance from solid to liquid at its melting point is referred to as the latent heat of melting of solid. This specific amount of energy is needed to overcome the intermolecular forces holding the solid structure together, allowing the solid to traRead more
The heat required to change a unit mass of a solid substance from solid to liquid at its melting point is referred to as the latent heat of melting of solid. This specific amount of energy is needed to overcome the intermolecular forces holding the solid structure together, allowing the solid to transition into a liquid state without any change in temperature. Understanding this concept is vital in fields such as material science, thermodynamics, and various engineering applications. For instance, when ice melts to form water at 0°C, the energy input used to achieve this phase change without increasing the temperature is the latent heat of melting. Therefore, the correct answer is [C] Latent heat of melting of solid. This principle is essential for accurately calculating energy requirements in processes involving phase changes.
The emitted or absorbed heat which changes the state of the substance without causing any change in temperature is known as latent heat. This energy is crucial for phase transitions, such as melting, freezing, boiling, or condensation. During these processes, the temperature of the substance remainsRead more
The emitted or absorbed heat which changes the state of the substance without causing any change in temperature is known as latent heat. This energy is crucial for phase transitions, such as melting, freezing, boiling, or condensation. During these processes, the temperature of the substance remains constant while the latent heat either breaks or forms the molecular bonds necessary for the phase change. For example, when ice melts into water or water boils into steam, the temperature remains stable at the melting or boiling point, respectively, despite continuous heat input. This absorbed or released energy, termed latent heat, is fundamental in understanding various natural and industrial processes involving phase changes. Therefore, the correct answer is [D] Latent heat. This concept is pivotal in fields such as meteorology, refrigeration, and thermal management systems.
The function of thermostat in the refrigerator is
A thermostat in a refrigerator serves to maintain a consistent internal temperature. It operates by sensing the temperature inside the refrigerator and activating or deactivating the cooling mechanism as needed. When the internal temperature rises above a preset level, the thermostat signals the comRead more
A thermostat in a refrigerator serves to maintain a consistent internal temperature. It operates by sensing the temperature inside the refrigerator and activating or deactivating the cooling mechanism as needed. When the internal temperature rises above a preset level, the thermostat signals the compressor to start cooling. Conversely, when the temperature drops to the desired level, it turns off the compressor to prevent further cooling. This regulation ensures that the refrigerator maintains an optimal temperature for food preservation, preventing it from becoming too warm, which could spoil the food, or too cold, which could unnecessarily freeze items. By maintaining a steady temperature, the thermostat helps ensure energy efficiency and the effective functioning of the refrigerator. Therefore, the primary function of a thermostat in a refrigerator is to maintain the same temperature, making the correct answer [C] To maintain the same temperature.
See lessWhat happen in Isothermal Change?
In an isothermal change, a thermodynamic process occurs at a constant temperature. This means that the temperature of the system remains unchanged throughout the process. For this to happen, heat must be exchanged with the surroundings to compensate for any work done by or on the system. For exampleRead more
In an isothermal change, a thermodynamic process occurs at a constant temperature. This means that the temperature of the system remains unchanged throughout the process. For this to happen, heat must be exchanged with the surroundings to compensate for any work done by or on the system. For example, in an isothermal expansion, the system absorbs heat from the surroundings to maintain its temperature while doing work on the surroundings. Conversely, in an isothermal compression, the system releases heat to the surroundings as work is done on it. This type of process is often idealized in the study of gases, particularly in the context of the ideal gas law, where the product of pressure and volume remains constant if temperature is constant. Thus, in an isothermal change, the defining characteristic is that the temperature remains unchanged, making the correct answer [B] Temperature remains unchanged.
See lessWhat happen in Adiabatic Change
In an adiabatic change, a thermodynamic process occurs without any heat exchange between the system and its surroundings, meaning the heat remains unchanged. This is achieved by perfectly insulating the system. Despite no heat transfer, the temperature of the system can change as a result of work beRead more
In an adiabatic change, a thermodynamic process occurs without any heat exchange between the system and its surroundings, meaning the heat remains unchanged. This is achieved by perfectly insulating the system. Despite no heat transfer, the temperature of the system can change as a result of work being done on or by the system. For example, in an adiabatic expansion, the system does work on the surroundings, leading to a decrease in temperature, while in adiabatic compression, work is done on the system, causing an increase in temperature. This principle is crucial in understanding processes like the expansion of gases in engines or atmospheric phenomena. The conservation of energy still applies, but the energy change manifests solely as changes in internal energy, not heat transfer. Therefore, in an adiabatic change, the correct answer is [A] Heat remains unchanged.
See lessThe concept of internal energy is derived from which law of thermodynamics?
The concept of internal energy is fundamentally derived from the first law of thermodynamics, which is also known as the law of energy conservation. This law states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed from one form to another within a closed system. Internal energy refers toRead more
The concept of internal energy is fundamentally derived from the first law of thermodynamics, which is also known as the law of energy conservation. This law states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed from one form to another within a closed system. Internal energy refers to the total energy contained within a system, encompassing both the kinetic energy of particles and the potential energy arising from intermolecular forces. The first law of thermodynamics provides a comprehensive framework for understanding how energy is stored, transferred, and conserved within a system. It articulates that the change in internal energy of a system is equal to the heat added to the system minus the work done by the system on its surroundings. This foundational principle is crucial for analyzing thermodynamic processes and systems in various scientific and engineering applications. Therefore, the correct answer is [B] First law.
See lessThe first law of thermodynamics protects
The first law of thermodynamics, or the law of energy conservation, is fundamental in physics and thermodynamics. It asserts that the total energy in an isolated system remains constant. This means energy can neither be created nor destroyed; it can only change forms, such as from kinetic to potentiRead more
The first law of thermodynamics, or the law of energy conservation, is fundamental in physics and thermodynamics. It asserts that the total energy in an isolated system remains constant. This means energy can neither be created nor destroyed; it can only change forms, such as from kinetic to potential energy, or from chemical energy to thermal energy. The principle does not directly address momentum, which is conserved in a different context under Newton’s laws of motion. The conservation of energy applies universally across all processes, ensuring that the total energy before and after any transformation or transfer remains equal. This law underpins much of modern physics and engineering, dictating how energy systems are analyzed and designed. Thus, while momentum conservation is a crucial concept in its own right, it is the conservation of energy that is explicitly protected by the first law of thermodynamics. Therefore, the correct answer is [B] Energy.
See lessSteam burns hands more than boiling water because
Steam burns hands more severely than boiling water due to the latent heat it contains; option [A]. Latent heat is the extra energy required to change water from liquid to vapor without changing its temperature. When steam comes into contact with the skin, it condenses back into liquid water, releasiRead more
Steam burns hands more severely than boiling water due to the latent heat it contains; option [A]. Latent heat is the extra energy required to change water from liquid to vapor without changing its temperature. When steam comes into contact with the skin, it condenses back into liquid water, releasing this stored latent heat. This process transfers a significant amount of energy to the skin, which is much more than what boiling water would transfer at the same temperature. Boiling water only transfers heat at 100°C, but when steam condenses, it releases additional heat as it changes phase from gas to liquid. This results in a higher amount of energy being delivered to the skin, causing more severe burns. Therefore, the presence of latent heat in steam is the primary reason it causes more intense burns than boiling water.
See lessLatent heat of vapor is
The latent heat of vaporization of water is 536 Cal/g, which is the amount of heat needed to convert 1 gram of water at its boiling point (100°C) into steam without any change in temperature. This latent heat is crucial in understanding why steam causes more severe burns than boiling water. When steRead more
The latent heat of vaporization of water is 536 Cal/g, which is the amount of heat needed to convert 1 gram of water at its boiling point (100°C) into steam without any change in temperature. This latent heat is crucial in understanding why steam causes more severe burns than boiling water. When steam condenses on the skin, it releases this latent heat, transferring a substantial amount of energy to the skin. This energy transfer is significantly higher than that of boiling water at the same temperature, leading to more severe burns. Therefore, the correct answer to the latent heat of vaporization of water is [A] 536 Cal/g. This concept is essential in various fields, including thermodynamics and medical treatment of burns, highlighting the importance of understanding the thermal properties of substances.
See lessThe value of latent heat of melting of ice is
The latent heat of melting of ice is 80 Cal/g. This is the amount of heat required to convert 1 gram of ice at 0°C into liquid water at the same temperature, without any temperature change. This energy is necessary to overcome the molecular forces holding the ice crystals together. Understanding theRead more
The latent heat of melting of ice is 80 Cal/g. This is the amount of heat required to convert 1 gram of ice at 0°C into liquid water at the same temperature, without any temperature change. This energy is necessary to overcome the molecular forces holding the ice crystals together. Understanding the latent heat of melting is crucial in various scientific and engineering applications, such as climate studies, refrigeration, and the design of thermal energy storage systems. It explains why ice takes a significant amount of time and energy to melt compared to heating water by a similar amount. Therefore, the correct answer to the value of the latent heat of melting of ice is [C] 80 Cal/g. This fundamental concept is key to numerous processes involving phase changes and energy calculations in thermodynamics.
See lessThe heat required to change a unit mass of a solid substance from solid to liquid at its melting point is called
The heat required to change a unit mass of a solid substance from solid to liquid at its melting point is referred to as the latent heat of melting of solid. This specific amount of energy is needed to overcome the intermolecular forces holding the solid structure together, allowing the solid to traRead more
The heat required to change a unit mass of a solid substance from solid to liquid at its melting point is referred to as the latent heat of melting of solid. This specific amount of energy is needed to overcome the intermolecular forces holding the solid structure together, allowing the solid to transition into a liquid state without any change in temperature. Understanding this concept is vital in fields such as material science, thermodynamics, and various engineering applications. For instance, when ice melts to form water at 0°C, the energy input used to achieve this phase change without increasing the temperature is the latent heat of melting. Therefore, the correct answer is [C] Latent heat of melting of solid. This principle is essential for accurately calculating energy requirements in processes involving phase changes.
See lessThe emitted or absorbed heat which changes the state of the substance, but does not cause any change in temperature, is called
The emitted or absorbed heat which changes the state of the substance without causing any change in temperature is known as latent heat. This energy is crucial for phase transitions, such as melting, freezing, boiling, or condensation. During these processes, the temperature of the substance remainsRead more
The emitted or absorbed heat which changes the state of the substance without causing any change in temperature is known as latent heat. This energy is crucial for phase transitions, such as melting, freezing, boiling, or condensation. During these processes, the temperature of the substance remains constant while the latent heat either breaks or forms the molecular bonds necessary for the phase change. For example, when ice melts into water or water boils into steam, the temperature remains stable at the melting or boiling point, respectively, despite continuous heat input. This absorbed or released energy, termed latent heat, is fundamental in understanding various natural and industrial processes involving phase changes. Therefore, the correct answer is [D] Latent heat. This concept is pivotal in fields such as meteorology, refrigeration, and thermal management systems.
See less