The acceleration due to gravity (g) decreases with an increase in altitude because the distance from the center of the Earth increases. The gravitational force follows the inverse square law.

The formula to calculate the value of g at a height (h) above the Earth’s surface is:

gₕ = g₀ * (R / (R + h))²

Where:
gₕ = acceleration due to gravity at height h
g₀ = acceleration due to gravity on Earth’s surface (approximately 9.8 m/s²)
R = radius of the Earth (approximately 6,371 km or 6.371 × 10^6 m)
h = height above Earth’s surface

### Key Points:
1. At higher altitudes, the distance (R + h) from the Earth’s center increases, resulting in a smaller value of gₕ.
2. The decrease in g is noticeable at significant altitudes, such as those of satellites or mountain peaks, but negligible for everyday heights.
3. At very high altitudes, where h is comparable to or larger than R, the effect becomes more pronounced.

### Example:
For an altitude of 100 km (h = 100,000 m):

gₕ = 9.8 * (6.371 × 10^6 / (6.371 × 10^6 + 100,000))²

After calculation, gₕ is slightly less than 9.8 m/s², illustrating the decrease in g with altitude.
This question related to Chapter 7 physics Class 11th NCERT. From the Chapter 7. Gravitation. Give answer according to your understanding.

For more please visit here:
https://www.tiwariacademy.com/ncert-solutions/class-11/physics/chapter-7/

The gravitational force between the Earth and the Sun is primarily determined by:

1. **Mass of the Sun (Mₛ):**
The Sun’s mass is a key factor in the gravitational force. The larger the mass of the Sun, the stronger the gravitational pull it exerts on the Earth.

2. **Mass of the Earth (Mₑ):**
The Earth’s mass also contributes to the gravitational force. The force is proportional to the product of the two masses (Mₛ * Mₑ).

3. **Distance between Earth and Sun (r):**
The distance between the Earth and the Sun plays a critical role in determining the gravitational force. According to the inverse square law, the gravitational force decreases with the square of the distance (1/r²).

The gravitational force is mathematically given by:

F = G * (Mₛ * Mₑ) / r²

Where:
F = gravitational force
G = gravitational constant (approximately 6.674 × 10^-11 N m²/kg²)
Mₛ = mass of the Sun (approximately 1.989 × 10^30 kg)
Mₑ = mass of the Earth (approximately 5.972 × 10^24 kg)
r = average distance between Earth and Sun (approximately 1.496 × 10^11 m)

Key Point:
The two most significant factors in determining the gravitational force are the masses of the Earth and the Sun, and the distance between them.
This question related to Chapter 7 physics Class 11th NCERT. From the Chapter 7. Gravitation. Give answer according to your understanding.

For more please visit here:
https://www.tiwariacademy.com/ncert-solutions/class-11/physics/chapter-7/