The prominent modern historian Sir Jadunath Sarkar called Saqi Mustaid Khan’s work, the ‘Maasir-i-Alamgiri’, the ‘Gazetteer of the Mughal Empire’. This Persian chronicle is considered the official history of Aurangzeb’s reign, detailing events from 1658 to 1707 with considerable accuracy, ...
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The Jat leader Rajaram was responsible for the infamous desecration of Emperor Akbar’s tomb at Sikandra in 1688. In an act of extreme defiance and revenge against Mughal oppression, Rajaram’s forces looted the tomb, dug up Akbar’s grave and burned ...
The correct sequence of the major North Indian revolts against Aurangzeb is: Jat (beginning 1669, led by Gokula), Bundela (beginning 1671, led by Chhatrasal), Satnami (1672, a brief but intense peasant rebellion) and Sikh (rising hostility after Guru Tegh Bahadur’s ...
Aurangzeb imprisoned his father, Shah Jahan, in the Agra Fort in June 1658, shortly after his victory at Samugarh. Shah Jahan spent the next eight years confined to the palace complex, reportedly in the Musamman Burj, from where he could ...
The Battle of Samugarh (May 1658) is considered the most decisive battle between Dara Shikoh and Aurangzeb. Fought near Agra, Aurangzeb’s superior generalship and Dara’s tactical errors resulted in a crushing defeat for Dara. This victory gave Aurangzeb immediate control ...