An air bubble in water behaves like a convex lens. It causes light rays passing through it to converge, forming a virtual image due to refraction. This effect is similar to how a convex lens refracts light to converge at ...
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Sunlight that reaches the Earth’s surface consists of parallel beams of light. These rays travel from the Sun to the Earth in nearly parallel lines due to the vast distance between the two bodies, resulting in nearly uniform intensity across ...
The unit of the power of the lens is diopter. It measures the refractive power of a lens, indicating how strongly the lens converges or diverges light. It is defined as the reciprocal of the focal length in meters.
The first law of thermodynamics, also known as the law of energy conservation, protects energy. It states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed from one form to another.
Steam burns hands more than boiling water because steam contains latent heat. When steam condenses on the skin, it releases this latent heat, transferring more energy to the skin compared to boiling water at the same temperature. This additional heat ...
The latent heat of vaporization of water is 536 Cal/g. This value represents the amount of heat required to convert 1 gram of water at its boiling point into steam without a temperature change.
The latent heat of melting of ice is 80 Cal/g. This value represents the amount of heat required to convert 1 gram of ice at its melting point into water without changing its temperature.
The heat required to change a unit mass of a solid substance from solid to liquid at its melting point is called the latent heat of melting of solid. This energy is needed to break the bonds holding the solid ...
The emitted or absorbed heat which changes the state of the substance but does not cause any change in temperature is called latent heat. This energy is used for phase transitions, such as melting or boiling, without altering the substance’s ...
Water on mountains starts boiling at a temperature less than 100°C due to the lower atmospheric pressure at higher altitudes. The reduced pressure decreases the boiling point of water, causing it to boil at temperatures below 100°C.