In 1871, the colonial government passed the criminal Tribes Act. (i) The colonial government wanted to rule over a settled population. Such a population was easy to identify and control. (ii) Those who were settled were seen as peaceable and law abiding; and those who were nomadic were considered toRead more
In 1871, the colonial government passed the criminal Tribes Act.
(i) The colonial government wanted to rule over a settled population. Such a population was easy to identify and control.
(ii) Those who were settled were seen as peaceable and law abiding; and those who were nomadic were considered to be criminals.
(iii) By this Act, many communities of craftsmen, traders and pastoralists were classified as criminal tribes.
(i) To, the colonial officials, all uncultivated land appeared to be unproductive. So it was seen as 'wasteland' that had to be brought under cultivation. (ii) so, 'wasteland Rules' were enacted in various parts of the country. By these rules, uncultivated Iands were taken over and given to selectedRead more
(i) To, the colonial officials, all uncultivated land appeared to be unproductive. So it was seen as ‘wasteland’ that had to be brought under cultivation.
(ii) so, ‘wasteland Rules’ were enacted in various parts of the country. By these rules, uncultivated Iands were taken over and given to selected individuals.
(iii) These individuals were granted various concessions and encouraged to settle these lands. Some of them were made headmen of villages to monitor cultivation.
So, the expansion of cultivation meant the decline of pastures for the pastoralists which posed huge problems for them.
(i) They move in the villages of Uttar Pradesh, Punjab, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra. (ii) In search of good pastureland for their cattle, they moved over long distances. (iii) They sold plough cattle and other goods to the villagers in exchange for grain and fodder.
(i) They move in the villages of Uttar Pradesh, Punjab, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra.
(ii) In search of good pastureland for their cattle, they moved over long distances.
(iii) They sold plough cattle and other goods to the villagers in exchange for grain and fodder.
(i) Pastoralist tribes such as the Gollas herded cattle, while the Kurumas and the Kurubas reared sheep and goats and sold woven blankets. (ii) They lived near the woods, cultivated small patches of land, engaged in a variety of petty trades and took care of their herds. (iii) In the dry season, theRead more
(i) Pastoralist tribes such as the Gollas herded cattle, while the Kurumas and the Kurubas reared sheep and goats and sold woven blankets.
(ii) They lived near the woods, cultivated small patches of land, engaged in a variety of petty trades and took care of their herds.
(iii) In the dry season, they moved to the coastal tracts and left when the rain came. So, their seasonal rhythm was during the monsoons and the dry season.
(i) The Guijar cattle herders came down to the dry forests of the bhabar in winter and went up to high meadows-the bugyals, in summer. (ii) Many of them were originally from Jammu and came to the UP hills in the 19th century in search of good pastures' (iii) This pattern of cyclical movement betweenRead more
(i) The Guijar cattle herders came down to the dry forests of the bhabar in winter and went up to high meadows-the bugyals, in summer.
(ii) Many of them were originally from Jammu and came to the UP hills in the 19th century in search of good pastures’
(iii) This pattern of cyclical movement between summer and winter-pastures was typical of many pastoral communities of the Himalayas.
Why did the colonial government in India pass the Criminal Tribes Act?
In 1871, the colonial government passed the criminal Tribes Act. (i) The colonial government wanted to rule over a settled population. Such a population was easy to identify and control. (ii) Those who were settled were seen as peaceable and law abiding; and those who were nomadic were considered toRead more
In 1871, the colonial government passed the criminal Tribes Act.
See less(i) The colonial government wanted to rule over a settled population. Such a population was easy to identify and control.
(ii) Those who were settled were seen as peaceable and law abiding; and those who were nomadic were considered to be criminals.
(iii) By this Act, many communities of craftsmen, traders and pastoralists were classified as criminal tribes.
How were ”Wasteland Rules’ enacted?
(i) To, the colonial officials, all uncultivated land appeared to be unproductive. So it was seen as 'wasteland' that had to be brought under cultivation. (ii) so, 'wasteland Rules' were enacted in various parts of the country. By these rules, uncultivated Iands were taken over and given to selectedRead more
(i) To, the colonial officials, all uncultivated land appeared to be unproductive. So it was seen as ‘wasteland’ that had to be brought under cultivation.
See less(ii) so, ‘wasteland Rules’ were enacted in various parts of the country. By these rules, uncultivated Iands were taken over and given to selected individuals.
(iii) These individuals were granted various concessions and encouraged to settle these lands. Some of them were made headmen of villages to monitor cultivation.
So, the expansion of cultivation meant the decline of pastures for the pastoralists which posed huge problems for them.
What do you know about the Banjaras of North India?
(i) They move in the villages of Uttar Pradesh, Punjab, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra. (ii) In search of good pastureland for their cattle, they moved over long distances. (iii) They sold plough cattle and other goods to the villagers in exchange for grain and fodder.
(i) They move in the villages of Uttar Pradesh, Punjab, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra.
See less(ii) In search of good pastureland for their cattle, they moved over long distances.
(iii) They sold plough cattle and other goods to the villagers in exchange for grain and fodder.
Describe the lifestyle of the pastoralists of Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh.
(i) Pastoralist tribes such as the Gollas herded cattle, while the Kurumas and the Kurubas reared sheep and goats and sold woven blankets. (ii) They lived near the woods, cultivated small patches of land, engaged in a variety of petty trades and took care of their herds. (iii) In the dry season, theRead more
(i) Pastoralist tribes such as the Gollas herded cattle, while the Kurumas and the Kurubas reared sheep and goats and sold woven blankets.
See less(ii) They lived near the woods, cultivated small patches of land, engaged in a variety of petty trades and took care of their herds.
(iii) In the dry season, they moved to the coastal tracts and left when the rain came. So, their seasonal rhythm was during the monsoons and the dry season.
How did the Gujjar cattle herders of Garhwal and Kumaon go in search for pastures?
(i) The Guijar cattle herders came down to the dry forests of the bhabar in winter and went up to high meadows-the bugyals, in summer. (ii) Many of them were originally from Jammu and came to the UP hills in the 19th century in search of good pastures' (iii) This pattern of cyclical movement betweenRead more
(i) The Guijar cattle herders came down to the dry forests of the bhabar in winter and went up to high meadows-the bugyals, in summer.
See less(ii) Many of them were originally from Jammu and came to the UP hills in the 19th century in search of good pastures’
(iii) This pattern of cyclical movement between summer and winter-pastures was typical of many pastoral communities of the Himalayas.