Bahlol Lodi established the Lodi dynasty in Delhi in 1451 and ruled until 1489, consolidating Afghan dominance in northern India. His son Sikandar Lodi succeeded him and reigned from 1489 to 1517, noted for administrative reforms and cultural patronage. Sikandar’s son Ibrahim Lodi then took the throRead more
Bahlol Lodi established the Lodi dynasty in Delhi in 1451 and ruled until 1489, consolidating Afghan dominance in northern India. His son Sikandar Lodi succeeded him and reigned from 1489 to 1517, noted for administrative reforms and cultural patronage. Sikandar’s son Ibrahim Lodi then took the throne (1517–1526) but faced internal dissent and rebellion. Ibrahim’s weak position contributed to Babur’s successful invasion; he was defeated and killed at the First Battle of Panipat in 1526, which ended Lodi rule and inaugurated Mughal dominance. Thus, Bahlol → Sikandar → Ibrahim is the correct chronological order.
Among the options, the best-supported statement is that Firoz Shah Tughlaq established the Diwan-i-Bandagan, a department overseeing royal slaves and related personnel matters—part of his broader administrative restructuring. Other options are problematic: the Diwan-i-Arz (military bureau) is usuallRead more
Among the options, the best-supported statement is that Firoz Shah Tughlaq established the Diwan-i-Bandagan, a department overseeing royal slaves and related personnel matters—part of his broader administrative restructuring. Other options are problematic: the Diwan-i-Arz (military bureau) is usually associated with earlier or different reforms (Balban and later administrations), while systematic branding of horses (daag) is primarily credited to later military reorganizers such as Alauddin Khalji; and Muhammad bin Tughlaq’s immediate succession was messy and did not involve a simple accession by his uncle. Therefore option (A) is the correct choice.
Iltutmish consolidated his position by obtaining a manshur (an official letter of investiture) from the Abbasid Caliph in Baghdad. The manshur served as formal recognition of his sovereignty and Islamic legitimacy, strengthening his political authority in India where dynastic claims often required eRead more
Iltutmish consolidated his position by obtaining a manshur (an official letter of investiture) from the Abbasid Caliph in Baghdad. The manshur served as formal recognition of his sovereignty and Islamic legitimacy, strengthening his political authority in India where dynastic claims often required external validation. By securing the Caliph’s sanction, Iltutmish not only placed his dynasty on firmer religious-political ground but also gained a powerful ideological instrument to suppress rivals and unite disparate nobles under his leadership. This diplomatic-religious endorsement greatly enhanced his standing in the Muslim world and within the Delhi Sultanate.
ANSWER: (B) Iltutmish. In the early 13th century the expansion of the Mongol Empire under Genghis Khan and his lieutenants created serious threats along the northwestern approaches to India. These incursions coincided with or came just before Iltutmish’s reign, prompting him to reinforce frontier deRead more
ANSWER: (B) Iltutmish. In the early 13th century the expansion of the Mongol Empire under Genghis Khan and his lieutenants created serious threats along the northwestern approaches to India. These incursions coincided with or came just before Iltutmish’s reign, prompting him to reinforce frontier defenses and carefully manage relations with Central Asian powers and refugees. While the Mongols did not establish long-term dominion in the Indian plains at that stage, their raids and the fear of further invasions influenced Iltutmish’s military and diplomatic priorities, making frontier security a central concern for the early Delhi Sultanate.
Administrative titles in the Sultanate often varied by period and ruler, but the Diwan-i-Bandagan is widely associated with the Tughlaq era—especially Firoz Shah Tughlaq—who organized royal household and slave affairs. The Diwan-i-Arz (military bureau) has complex origins tied to several regimes; DiRead more
Administrative titles in the Sultanate often varied by period and ruler, but the Diwan-i-Bandagan is widely associated with the Tughlaq era—especially Firoz Shah Tughlaq—who organized royal household and slave affairs. The Diwan-i-Arz (military bureau) has complex origins tied to several regimes; Diwan-i-Mustakhraj (revenue-related office) and Diwan-i-Kohi (connected with hill/irrigation revenue) are not correctly paired with Balban or Alauddin respectively in the way the options suggest. Therefore, the only reliably correct match among the choices is (B), linking Diwan-i-Bandagan to the Tughlaq administration.
Which one of the following is the correct chronological order of the rule of Afghan rulers on the throne of Delhi?
Bahlol Lodi established the Lodi dynasty in Delhi in 1451 and ruled until 1489, consolidating Afghan dominance in northern India. His son Sikandar Lodi succeeded him and reigned from 1489 to 1517, noted for administrative reforms and cultural patronage. Sikandar’s son Ibrahim Lodi then took the throRead more
Bahlol Lodi established the Lodi dynasty in Delhi in 1451 and ruled until 1489, consolidating Afghan dominance in northern India. His son Sikandar Lodi succeeded him and reigned from 1489 to 1517, noted for administrative reforms and cultural patronage. Sikandar’s son Ibrahim Lodi then took the throne (1517–1526) but faced internal dissent and rebellion. Ibrahim’s weak position contributed to Babur’s successful invasion; he was defeated and killed at the First Battle of Panipat in 1526, which ended Lodi rule and inaugurated Mughal dominance. Thus, Bahlol → Sikandar → Ibrahim is the correct chronological order.
See lessWhich of the following statements is correct regarding medieval Indian kings?
Among the options, the best-supported statement is that Firoz Shah Tughlaq established the Diwan-i-Bandagan, a department overseeing royal slaves and related personnel matters—part of his broader administrative restructuring. Other options are problematic: the Diwan-i-Arz (military bureau) is usuallRead more
Among the options, the best-supported statement is that Firoz Shah Tughlaq established the Diwan-i-Bandagan, a department overseeing royal slaves and related personnel matters—part of his broader administrative restructuring. Other options are problematic: the Diwan-i-Arz (military bureau) is usually associated with earlier or different reforms (Balban and later administrations), while systematic branding of horses (daag) is primarily credited to later military reorganizers such as Alauddin Khalji; and Muhammad bin Tughlaq’s immediate succession was messy and did not involve a simple accession by his uncle. Therefore option (A) is the correct choice.
See lessTo whom did the Caliph of Baghdad grant the ‘Mansur’ (letter of approval/consecration)?
Iltutmish consolidated his position by obtaining a manshur (an official letter of investiture) from the Abbasid Caliph in Baghdad. The manshur served as formal recognition of his sovereignty and Islamic legitimacy, strengthening his political authority in India where dynastic claims often required eRead more
Iltutmish consolidated his position by obtaining a manshur (an official letter of investiture) from the Abbasid Caliph in Baghdad. The manshur served as formal recognition of his sovereignty and Islamic legitimacy, strengthening his political authority in India where dynastic claims often required external validation. By securing the Caliph’s sanction, Iltutmish not only placed his dynasty on firmer religious-political ground but also gained a powerful ideological instrument to suppress rivals and unite disparate nobles under his leadership. This diplomatic-religious endorsement greatly enhanced his standing in the Muslim world and within the Delhi Sultanate.
See lessDuring whose reign did the Mongols under Genghis Khan invade India? (A) Balban (B) Iltutmish (C) Firoz Tughlaq (D) Muhammad bin Tughlaq
ANSWER: (B) Iltutmish. In the early 13th century the expansion of the Mongol Empire under Genghis Khan and his lieutenants created serious threats along the northwestern approaches to India. These incursions coincided with or came just before Iltutmish’s reign, prompting him to reinforce frontier deRead more
ANSWER: (B) Iltutmish. In the early 13th century the expansion of the Mongol Empire under Genghis Khan and his lieutenants created serious threats along the northwestern approaches to India. These incursions coincided with or came just before Iltutmish’s reign, prompting him to reinforce frontier defenses and carefully manage relations with Central Asian powers and refugees. While the Mongols did not establish long-term dominion in the Indian plains at that stage, their raids and the fear of further invasions influenced Iltutmish’s military and diplomatic priorities, making frontier security a central concern for the early Delhi Sultanate.
See lessWhich of the following pairs is correctly matched? (A) Diwan-i-Arz = Muhammad Tughlaq (B) Diwan-i-Bandagan = Tughlaq (C) Diwan-i-Mustakhraj = Balban (D) Diwan-i-Kohi = Alauddin Khalji
Administrative titles in the Sultanate often varied by period and ruler, but the Diwan-i-Bandagan is widely associated with the Tughlaq era—especially Firoz Shah Tughlaq—who organized royal household and slave affairs. The Diwan-i-Arz (military bureau) has complex origins tied to several regimes; DiRead more
Administrative titles in the Sultanate often varied by period and ruler, but the Diwan-i-Bandagan is widely associated with the Tughlaq era—especially Firoz Shah Tughlaq—who organized royal household and slave affairs. The Diwan-i-Arz (military bureau) has complex origins tied to several regimes; Diwan-i-Mustakhraj (revenue-related office) and Diwan-i-Kohi (connected with hill/irrigation revenue) are not correctly paired with Balban or Alauddin respectively in the way the options suggest. Therefore, the only reliably correct match among the choices is (B), linking Diwan-i-Bandagan to the Tughlaq administration.
See less