(a) Some of the public sector activities are as given below : (i) Railways (ii) Postal services (iii) Irrigation facilities (iv) Roads (v) Construction of harbours and dams (b) The government takes up the public sector activities clue to following reasons: (i) The modern state is a welfare state whiRead more
(a) Some of the public sector activities are as given below : (i) Railways
(ii) Postal services
(iii) Irrigation facilities
(iv) Roads
(v) Construction of harbours and dams
(b) The government takes up the public sector activities clue to following reasons:
(i) The modern state is a welfare state which looks after the interest. Of the people. The government raises money through taxes and other ways and spends on public sector activities for the welfare of the people.
(ii) The expenditure on the activities such as railways or postal services is very huge and cannot be incurred by private sector. It is beyond their capacity”. So the government takes up these activities.
(iii) The government takes up these activities to provide facilities to the people at a nominal cost or without any profit.
(iv) The government takes up some activities like education because it is the primary responsibility of the state to remove illiteracy in the country.
(v) In modern age the governments need to pay attention to aspects of human development such as availability of safe drinking water, housing facilities for the poor and food and nutrition.
(vi) It is also the duty of the government to take care of the poorest of the poor and most Ignored regions of the country through increased spending in such areas.
(a) Natural resources - Meaning: Natural resources are available with nature. Land, water, minerals and forests are some of the natural resources. Minerals are non-renewable resources. (b) Exhaustion of natural resources and other problems: If the natural resources such as minerals are used indiscriRead more
(a) Natural resources – Meaning: Natural resources are available with nature. Land, water, minerals and forests are some of the natural resources. Minerals are non-renewable resources.
(b) Exhaustion of natural resources and other problems: If the natural resources such as minerals are used indiscriminately, they will be exhausted. For example, if people in the world continue to use crude oil in the present manner, it will run out of stock in 43 years. Then there are countries like USA which are using their military and economic power to get maximum oil from other countries. India is dependent on other countries for oil and spending a lot off foreign exchange on its import.
(c) Steps for solving various problems: In view of the above problems following steps should be taken for the sustainability of development:
(i) Natural resources like crude oil should not be used indiscriminately.
(ii) Alternate modes of energy 1.e., solar energy or wind energy and others should be used so that a part of limited natural resources may be preserved for future generations.
(iii) There should be planned and judicious use of natural resources.
(iv) In countries like India where a large amount of foreign exchange is being spent on import of crude oil, efforts must be made for its planned and judicious use. Individuals should be discouraged to use own vehicles/cars for going to their work place. They should use public transport system. The government on its part, should provide better transport facilities.
Availability of good health and educational facilities d.o not depend only on amount of money spent by the government on these facilities. It depends on rich people, big companies, charitable trusts and others. For example, we {ind that a large percentage of schools and colleges are being run by eduRead more
Availability of good health and educational facilities d.o not depend only on amount of money spent by the government on these facilities. It depends on rich people, big companies, charitable trusts and others. For example, we {ind that a large percentage of schools and colleges are being run by educational tr-usts such as DAV College Managing Committee or S.D. Sabha. Similarly, there are many hospitals and nursing homes which aie belng run by private individuals and tmsts. In fact more health and educational facilities are being provided by private persons, trusts etc. than by the government
(l) Literacy Rate measures the proportion of literate population in the 7 and above age group. (ii) IMR indicates the number of children that die before the age of one year as a proportion of 1000 live children born in that particular year. (iii) NAR is the total number of children of age group 6-10Read more
(l) Literacy Rate measures the proportion of literate population in the 7 and above age group.
(ii) IMR indicates the number of children that die before the age of one year as a proportion of 1000 live children born in that particular year.
(iii) NAR is the total number of children of age group 6-10 attending school as a percentage of total number of children in the same age group.
(a) Public facilities are those facilities and services required. for society or for public to live a better life. These are generally provided by the government. (b) These are important and have advantages as mentioned below: (i) Money cannot buy all services required for a better quality of life eRead more
(a) Public facilities are those facilities and services required. for society or for public to live a better life. These are generally provided by the government.
(b) These are important and have advantages as mentioned below:
(i) Money cannot buy all services required for a better quality of life e.g. pollution free environment and better transport.
(ii) It ls cheapest way and the best way to provide goods and facilities to the people.
(iii) It develops the national feelings and a sense of collective responsibility.
(c) Public facilities available in India are defence, hospitals, police and government colleges and schools.
:(a)World Bank- For comparison between countries, the average income which is the total income of the country divided by. Its population is taken into consideration. The average income is also called the per capita income As per World development Report 2006 brought out by the World Bank, the rich cRead more
:(a)World Bank- For comparison between countries, the average income which is the
total income of the country divided by. Its population is taken into consideration. The average income is also called the per capita income As per World development Report 2006 brought out by the World Bank, the rich countries with per capita income of ₹4,53,000 per annum and above (2004) excluding countries of Middle East and certain other small countries are called rich and developed countries. As per World Bank the countries with per capita income of ₹37,000 or less are called low income countries. India’s per capita income in2004 was ₹28,000 per annum so it was also a low income country.
(b) The UNDP compares countries based on HDI i.e., on the educational levels of the people, their health status and per capita income or average income.
(c) Human Development Index used by UNDP is better because it is a wider indicator in which besides per capita income, health and education are also included.
National development refers to the development of a country which include the following points : (i) There should be a fair and just path for all. (ii) There should be a pollution free environment (iii) It should benefit a large number of people and not a small group. There should be increase in perRead more
National development refers to the development of a country which include the following points :
(i) There should be a fair and just path for all.
(ii) There should be a pollution free environment
(iii) It should benefit a large number of people and not a small group. There should be increase in per capita income in such a way that the gap between the rich and the poor be the minimum. Citizens should be provided better health facilities, better educational facilities.
A girl from a rich urban family has the following developmental goals: (i) She wants to get as much freedom as her brother has. (ii) She should be able to decide what she wants to do in Life. (iii) Her brother should also share in the household work. (iv) She should be able to pursue her studies abrRead more
A girl from a rich urban family has the following developmental goals:
(i) She wants to get as much freedom as her brother has.
(ii) She should be able to decide what she wants to do in Life.
(iii) Her brother should also share in the household work.
(iv) She should be able to pursue her studies abroad.
Thus the girl seek things that are most important to her i.e” that which can fulfil her aspirations or desires.
The goals that are generally desired by all types of people are as follows: (i) Income that should go on increasing regularly. (ii) Regular work and security. (iii) Freedom. (iv) Decent return for their products i.e., more profit or more income. (v) They resent discrimination and want equal treatmenRead more
The goals that are generally desired by all types of people are as follows:
(i) Income that should go on increasing regularly.
(ii) Regular work and security.
(iii) Freedom.
(iv) Decent return for their products i.e., more profit or more income.
(v) They resent discrimination and want equal treatment.
(vi) Most of the people desire quality of life.
From above we can say that the characteristics of development are as given below:
(i) Different people have different goals.
(ii) Income is the most important characteristic of development.
(iii) There are mixed goals. It includes not only better income but also other important things in life e.g., freedom, dignity, equality, job security, good working atmosphere, opportunity to learn etc.
(a) Development involves thinking about our aspirations or desires and about the ways in which we can work towards achieving these desires/goals. (b) Different persons in the society have different aspirations and goals. One may desire to be a doctor while another person an engineer. There is no conRead more
(a) Development involves thinking about our aspirations or desires and about the ways in which we can work towards achieving these desires/goals.
(b) Different persons in the society have different aspirations and goals. One may desire to be a doctor while another person an engineer. There is no conflict between the two but some times two groups of persons may desire conflicting things. For example industrialists may want construction of more dams for generation of electricity. On the other hand. tribal who are displaced from the land might resent this and may prefer small check dams or tanks to irrigate
their land.
From above we can draw the following conclusions about the aspects of development
(i) Different persons can have different developmental goals.
(ii) What may be development for one may not be development for the other. It may even be destructive for the other.
Give a few examples of public sector activities and explain why the government has taken them up.
(a) Some of the public sector activities are as given below : (i) Railways (ii) Postal services (iii) Irrigation facilities (iv) Roads (v) Construction of harbours and dams (b) The government takes up the public sector activities clue to following reasons: (i) The modern state is a welfare state whiRead more
(a) Some of the public sector activities are as given below : (i) Railways
See less(ii) Postal services
(iii) Irrigation facilities
(iv) Roads
(v) Construction of harbours and dams
(b) The government takes up the public sector activities clue to following reasons:
(i) The modern state is a welfare state which looks after the interest. Of the people. The government raises money through taxes and other ways and spends on public sector activities for the welfare of the people.
(ii) The expenditure on the activities such as railways or postal services is very huge and cannot be incurred by private sector. It is beyond their capacity”. So the government takes up these activities.
(iii) The government takes up these activities to provide facilities to the people at a nominal cost or without any profit.
(iv) The government takes up some activities like education because it is the primary responsibility of the state to remove illiteracy in the country.
(v) In modern age the governments need to pay attention to aspects of human development such as availability of safe drinking water, housing facilities for the poor and food and nutrition.
(vi) It is also the duty of the government to take care of the poorest of the poor and most Ignored regions of the country through increased spending in such areas.
Write a short note on the natural resources?
(a) Natural resources - Meaning: Natural resources are available with nature. Land, water, minerals and forests are some of the natural resources. Minerals are non-renewable resources. (b) Exhaustion of natural resources and other problems: If the natural resources such as minerals are used indiscriRead more
(a) Natural resources – Meaning: Natural resources are available with nature. Land, water, minerals and forests are some of the natural resources. Minerals are non-renewable resources.
See less(b) Exhaustion of natural resources and other problems: If the natural resources such as minerals are used indiscriminately, they will be exhausted. For example, if people in the world continue to use crude oil in the present manner, it will run out of stock in 43 years. Then there are countries like USA which are using their military and economic power to get maximum oil from other countries. India is dependent on other countries for oil and spending a lot off foreign exchange on its import.
(c) Steps for solving various problems: In view of the above problems following steps should be taken for the sustainability of development:
(i) Natural resources like crude oil should not be used indiscriminately.
(ii) Alternate modes of energy 1.e., solar energy or wind energy and others should be used so that a part of limited natural resources may be preserved for future generations.
(iii) There should be planned and judicious use of natural resources.
(iv) In countries like India where a large amount of foreign exchange is being spent on import of crude oil, efforts must be made for its planned and judicious use. Individuals should be discouraged to use own vehicles/cars for going to their work place. They should use public transport system. The government on its part, should provide better transport facilities.
Does availability of good health and educational facilities depend only on amount of money spent by the government on these facilities ? What other factors could be relevant?
Availability of good health and educational facilities d.o not depend only on amount of money spent by the government on these facilities. It depends on rich people, big companies, charitable trusts and others. For example, we {ind that a large percentage of schools and colleges are being run by eduRead more
Availability of good health and educational facilities d.o not depend only on amount of money spent by the government on these facilities. It depends on rich people, big companies, charitable trusts and others. For example, we {ind that a large percentage of schools and colleges are being run by educational tr-usts such as DAV College Managing Committee or S.D. Sabha. Similarly, there are many hospitals and nursing homes which aie belng run by private individuals and tmsts. In fact more health and educational facilities are being provided by private persons, trusts etc. than by the government
See lessDefine the following terms: (i) Literacy Rate (ii) IMR (iii) NAR
(l) Literacy Rate measures the proportion of literate population in the 7 and above age group. (ii) IMR indicates the number of children that die before the age of one year as a proportion of 1000 live children born in that particular year. (iii) NAR is the total number of children of age group 6-10Read more
(l) Literacy Rate measures the proportion of literate population in the 7 and above age group.
See less(ii) IMR indicates the number of children that die before the age of one year as a proportion of 1000 live children born in that particular year.
(iii) NAR is the total number of children of age group 6-10 attending school as a percentage of total number of children in the same age group.
What do you mean by public facilities? Why are they important? Name two public facilities available in India.
(a) Public facilities are those facilities and services required. for society or for public to live a better life. These are generally provided by the government. (b) These are important and have advantages as mentioned below: (i) Money cannot buy all services required for a better quality of life eRead more
(a) Public facilities are those facilities and services required. for society or for public to live a better life. These are generally provided by the government.
See less(b) These are important and have advantages as mentioned below:
(i) Money cannot buy all services required for a better quality of life e.g. pollution free environment and better transport.
(ii) It ls cheapest way and the best way to provide goods and facilities to the people.
(iii) It develops the national feelings and a sense of collective responsibility.
(c) Public facilities available in India are defence, hospitals, police and government colleges and schools.
What is the difference in the criterion used by the World Bank and that of UNDP for measuring development? Which do you think is the better method and why?
:(a)World Bank- For comparison between countries, the average income which is the total income of the country divided by. Its population is taken into consideration. The average income is also called the per capita income As per World development Report 2006 brought out by the World Bank, the rich cRead more
:(a)World Bank- For comparison between countries, the average income which is the
See lesstotal income of the country divided by. Its population is taken into consideration. The average income is also called the per capita income As per World development Report 2006 brought out by the World Bank, the rich countries with per capita income of ₹4,53,000 per annum and above (2004) excluding countries of Middle East and certain other small countries are called rich and developed countries. As per World Bank the countries with per capita income of ₹37,000 or less are called low income countries. India’s per capita income in2004 was ₹28,000 per annum so it was also a low income country.
(b) The UNDP compares countries based on HDI i.e., on the educational levels of the people, their health status and per capita income or average income.
(c) Human Development Index used by UNDP is better because it is a wider indicator in which besides per capita income, health and education are also included.
What is meant by National Development? Give your own opinion.
National development refers to the development of a country which include the following points : (i) There should be a fair and just path for all. (ii) There should be a pollution free environment (iii) It should benefit a large number of people and not a small group. There should be increase in perRead more
National development refers to the development of a country which include the following points :
See less(i) There should be a fair and just path for all.
(ii) There should be a pollution free environment
(iii) It should benefit a large number of people and not a small group. There should be increase in per capita income in such a way that the gap between the rich and the poor be the minimum. Citizens should be provided better health facilities, better educational facilities.
A Girl from rich urban family has some developmental goals for her: State any three of such goals.
A girl from a rich urban family has the following developmental goals: (i) She wants to get as much freedom as her brother has. (ii) She should be able to decide what she wants to do in Life. (iii) Her brother should also share in the household work. (iv) She should be able to pursue her studies abrRead more
A girl from a rich urban family has the following developmental goals:
See less(i) She wants to get as much freedom as her brother has.
(ii) She should be able to decide what she wants to do in Life.
(iii) Her brother should also share in the household work.
(iv) She should be able to pursue her studies abroad.
Thus the girl seek things that are most important to her i.e” that which can fulfil her aspirations or desires.
Describe three characteristics of development.
The goals that are generally desired by all types of people are as follows: (i) Income that should go on increasing regularly. (ii) Regular work and security. (iii) Freedom. (iv) Decent return for their products i.e., more profit or more income. (v) They resent discrimination and want equal treatmenRead more
The goals that are generally desired by all types of people are as follows:
See less(i) Income that should go on increasing regularly.
(ii) Regular work and security.
(iii) Freedom.
(iv) Decent return for their products i.e., more profit or more income.
(v) They resent discrimination and want equal treatment.
(vi) Most of the people desire quality of life.
From above we can say that the characteristics of development are as given below:
(i) Different people have different goals.
(ii) Income is the most important characteristic of development.
(iii) There are mixed goals. It includes not only better income but also other important things in life e.g., freedom, dignity, equality, job security, good working atmosphere, opportunity to learn etc.
Different persons can have different developmental goals.’’ Support this Statement with an example.
(a) Development involves thinking about our aspirations or desires and about the ways in which we can work towards achieving these desires/goals. (b) Different persons in the society have different aspirations and goals. One may desire to be a doctor while another person an engineer. There is no conRead more
(a) Development involves thinking about our aspirations or desires and about the ways in which we can work towards achieving these desires/goals.
See less(b) Different persons in the society have different aspirations and goals. One may desire to be a doctor while another person an engineer. There is no conflict between the two but some times two groups of persons may desire conflicting things. For example industrialists may want construction of more dams for generation of electricity. On the other hand. tribal who are displaced from the land might resent this and may prefer small check dams or tanks to irrigate
their land.
From above we can draw the following conclusions about the aspects of development
(i) Different persons can have different developmental goals.
(ii) What may be development for one may not be development for the other. It may even be destructive for the other.