(i) The distinguished editor of the Bombay Chronicle and political leaders like Mahatma Gandhi condemned the Pent angular tournament as a communal-based division of the team. (ii) He felt these types of communal divisions of the team may hinder the nationalist struggle of India. (iii) This kind of cRead more
(i) The distinguished editor of the Bombay Chronicle and political leaders like Mahatma Gandhi condemned the Pent angular tournament as a communal-based division of the team.
(ii) He felt these types of communal divisions of the team may hinder the nationalist struggle of India.
(iii) This kind of cricket organised on the principle of lace and religion could aggravate the communal divide he perceived and their efforts to unite India would ultimately fail.
(i) The Parsis were the First Indian community to form the Parsis Gymkhana Club for cricket. (ii) By the 1890s, the Hindus and Muslims also started collecting funds to form Hindu and Islam Gymkhanas. (iii) ln fact, the Bombay Gymkhana was an only-White club of India. They had a quarrel over the useRead more
(i) The Parsis were the First Indian community to form the Parsis Gymkhana Club for cricket.
(ii) By the 1890s, the Hindus and Muslims also started collecting funds to form Hindu and Islam Gymkhanas.
(iii) ln fact, the Bombay Gymkhana was an only-White club of India. They had a quarrel over the use of a public park with the Parsi cricketers.
(a) It is against the Code of Conduct to make such promises. The government or the minister must be asked to withdraw the promise and not to make such promises thereafter. (b) Misuse of government machinery: The Doordarshan and All India Radio must be asked by the Election Commission to give due attRead more
(a) It is against the Code of Conduct to make such promises. The government or the minister must be asked to withdraw the promise and not to make such promises thereafter.
(b) Misuse of government machinery: The Doordarshan and All India Radio must be asked by the Election Commission to give due attention to the statements and campaign of the opposition parties”
(c) Improper preparation of electoral rolls: A fresh electoral roll must be prepared immediately. It must be ensured that it contains names of genuine voters. In a1l its fairness, the officials responsible for the inclusion of names of fake voters must be punished.
(d) Intimidation of voters: Action against the hoodlums must be taken immediately under the law. Efforts must be made to conduct the election in a free and fair manner. Action may be taken against the political party concerned.
(a) Electronic Voting Machines should be used in Nigeria to check malpractices in counting of votes. (b) The Government of India should take some steps and ask the government of Fiji to give full protection to the voters of Indian origin. (c) In the USA, there is federal form of government. The statRead more
(a) Electronic Voting Machines should be used in Nigeria to check malpractices in counting of votes.
(b) The Government of India should take some steps and ask the government of Fiji to give full protection to the voters of Indian origin.
(c) In the USA, there is federal form of government. The states have their own constitutions and own laws regarding election and other matters. In such conditions, the Federal government of the USA cannot interfere. There is no Election Commission like India. So nothing can be done in such matters unless that state itself does something at its own.
The decision of the court does not go against the principles of democratic elections because the court can disqualify any person from contesting the election. In the present case, both the persons have been convicted and not allowed to contest elections.
The decision of the court does not go against the principles of democratic elections
because the court can disqualify any person from contesting the election. In the present case, both the persons have been convicted and not allowed to contest elections.
(a) No, Election Commission of India has enough powers to conduct free and fair elections in the country. It has wide ranging powers. It implements the Code of Conduct and punishes any candidate or party that violates it. When on election duty, government officers work under the control of the EC anRead more
(a) No, Election Commission of India has enough powers to conduct free and fair
elections in the country. It has wide ranging powers. It implements the Code of Conduct and punishes any candidate or party that violates it. When on election duty, government officers work under the control of the EC and not the government.
(b) Yes, there is a high level of popular participation in the elections in our country. Turn out has either remained stable or actually gone up. The poor, illiterate and under-privileged people vote in larger proportion as compared to the rich and the privileged sections.
(c) No, it is not easy for the party in power to win an election. During the election period, the EC can order the government to follow some guidelines, to prevent use and misuse of governmental power to enhance its chances to win elections or to transfer some government officials. It is very common for the Election Commission to reprimand the government and the administration for their lapses. On the other hand, the ruling parties in India, routinely lose
elections both at the national and state level. In fact, in every two out of the three Elections held in the last fifteen years, the ruling party has lost the elections.
(d) Yes, many reforms are needed to make our elections completely free and fair. There are still many challenges before us. A few candidates win purely on the basis of money power and unfair means- Candidates and parties spend a lot of money in excess of the prescribed expenses. Some candidates with criminal connection win the elections. Some families tend to dominate political parties and tickets are distributed to relatives from these families. So, there is need for electoral reforms.
The challenges to free and fair elections in India are given below: (i) Use of money power: Elections in India has become a very costly affair. Generally, a candidate in the Lok Sabha election spends about ₹50 lakh to one crore. They do not abide by the ceiling prescribed under the law. Rich candidaRead more
The challenges to free and fair elections in India are given below:
(i) Use of money power: Elections in India has become a very costly affair. Generally, a candidate in the Lok Sabha election spends about ₹50 lakh to one crore. They do not abide by the ceiling prescribed under the law. Rich candidates generally enjoy a big and unfair advantage over smaller parties and poor candidates.
(ii) Use of muscle power: Muscle power is used to force the voters to vote for particular” candidate or not allowing the voters to vote, and for capturing the booth and casting bogus votes.
(iii) Criminalisation of politics : Many candidates contest ng the elections have criminal connections. According to former Election Commissioner G.V.G. Krishnamurthy, in 1990, Lok Sabha elections, 1,500 out of 3,952 candidates for tire Lok Sabha had criminal record.
(iv) Dominance of families: Sometimes tickets are distributed to relatives from some families which dominate political parties. Ordinary members are generally ignored due to one reason or the other.
(v) No choice to ordinary voters/citizens : Very often elections offer little choice to ordinary citizens because the major parties are quite similar to each other both in policies and practice.
(vi) Disadvantages to smaller parties and independent candidates : Suffer parties
and independent candidates suffer a huge disadvantage in comparison to big parties because
they can use their manpower as well as money in the election. The above challenges exist not only in India but in most of the modern democracies.Thai is why the supporters of democracy are demanding electoral and political reforms in the electoral system to overcome these challenges.
(a) People's participation is an important method to check the quality of the election Process. If the election process is free or fair, people will participate in a large number with great enthusiasm. (b) The following are some of the conclusions that are drawn from people's participation in India:Read more
(a) People’s participation is an important method to check the quality of the election Process. If the election process is free or fair, people will participate in a large number with great enthusiasm.
(b) The following are some of the conclusions that are drawn from people’s participation in India: (i) People’s participation is usual)y measured by voter turnout that indicates the per cent of voters who actually cast their votes. In India, the turnout has either remained stable or actually gone up.
(ii) In India, the poor, illiterate and underprivileged people vote in larger proportion as compared to the rich and privileged sections.
(iii) Common people in India feel that through elections they can bring pressure on political parties to adopt policies and programme in their interest. They also feel that their vote matters in the way things are run in the country.
(iv) The interest of voters in election related activities has been increasing over the years. During the 2oo4 elections, more than one-third voters took part in a campaign-related activities. More than half of the people identified themselves as being close to one or the other political party. One out of every seven voters is a member of a political party.
Why did some political leaders like Mahatma Gandhi criticise the communal foundations of the Pentangular tournament?
(i) The distinguished editor of the Bombay Chronicle and political leaders like Mahatma Gandhi condemned the Pent angular tournament as a communal-based division of the team. (ii) He felt these types of communal divisions of the team may hinder the nationalist struggle of India. (iii) This kind of cRead more
(i) The distinguished editor of the Bombay Chronicle and political leaders like Mahatma Gandhi condemned the Pent angular tournament as a communal-based division of the team.
See less(ii) He felt these types of communal divisions of the team may hinder the nationalist struggle of India.
(iii) This kind of cricket organised on the principle of lace and religion could aggravate the communal divide he perceived and their efforts to unite India would ultimately fail.
Give a brief description of cricket clubs in India.
(i) The Parsis were the First Indian community to form the Parsis Gymkhana Club for cricket. (ii) By the 1890s, the Hindus and Muslims also started collecting funds to form Hindu and Islam Gymkhanas. (iii) ln fact, the Bombay Gymkhana was an only-White club of India. They had a quarrel over the useRead more
(i) The Parsis were the First Indian community to form the Parsis Gymkhana Club for cricket.
See less(ii) By the 1890s, the Hindus and Muslims also started collecting funds to form Hindu and Islam Gymkhanas.
(iii) ln fact, the Bombay Gymkhana was an only-White club of India. They had a quarrel over the use of a public park with the Parsi cricketers.
Here are some reports of malpractices in Indian elections. Identify, what the problem in each case is. what should be done to correct the situation? (a) Following the announcement of elections, the minister promised. to provide financial aid to reopen the closed sugar mill. (b) Opposition parties alleged that their statements and campaign was not given due attention in Doordarshan and All India Radio. (c) An enquiry by the Election Commission showed that electoral rolls of a state contain name of 20 lakh fake voters. (d) The hoodlums of a political party were moving with guns, physically pre- venting supporters of other political parties to meet the voters and attacking meetings of other parties.
(a) It is against the Code of Conduct to make such promises. The government or the minister must be asked to withdraw the promise and not to make such promises thereafter. (b) Misuse of government machinery: The Doordarshan and All India Radio must be asked by the Election Commission to give due attRead more
(a) It is against the Code of Conduct to make such promises. The government or the minister must be asked to withdraw the promise and not to make such promises thereafter.
See less(b) Misuse of government machinery: The Doordarshan and All India Radio must be asked by the Election Commission to give due attention to the statements and campaign of the opposition parties”
(c) Improper preparation of electoral rolls: A fresh electoral roll must be prepared immediately. It must be ensured that it contains names of genuine voters. In a1l its fairness, the officials responsible for the inclusion of names of fake voters must be punished.
(d) Intimidation of voters: Action against the hoodlums must be taken immediately under the law. Efforts must be made to conduct the election in a free and fair manner. Action may be taken against the political party concerned.
Here are some reports of electoral malpractices from different parts of the world. Is there anything that these countries can learn from India to improve their elections? What would you suggest in each case? (a) During an election in Nigeria, the officer in-charge of counting votes deliberately increased the votes of one candidate and declared him elected. The court later found out that more than five lakh votes cast for one candidate were counted in favour of another. (b) Just before elections in Fiji, a pamphlet was distributed warning voters that a vote for former Prime Minister Mahendra Chaudhry will lead to bloodshed. This was a threat to voters of Indian origin. (c) In the US, each state has its own method of voting its own procedure of counting and its own authority for conducting elections. Authorities in the state of Florida took many controversial decisions that-favoured Mr Bush in the presidential elections in 2000. But no one could change those decisions.
(a) Electronic Voting Machines should be used in Nigeria to check malpractices in counting of votes. (b) The Government of India should take some steps and ask the government of Fiji to give full protection to the voters of Indian origin. (c) In the USA, there is federal form of government. The statRead more
(a) Electronic Voting Machines should be used in Nigeria to check malpractices in counting of votes.
See less(b) The Government of India should take some steps and ask the government of Fiji to give full protection to the voters of Indian origin.
(c) In the USA, there is federal form of government. The states have their own constitutions and own laws regarding election and other matters. In such conditions, the Federal government of the USA cannot interfere. There is no Election Commission like India. So nothing can be done in such matters unless that state itself does something at its own.
Chinappa was convicted for torturing his wife for guilty dowry. Satbir was held of practicing untouchability. The court did not allow either-of them to contest elections. Does this decision go against the principles of democratic elections?
The decision of the court does not go against the principles of democratic elections because the court can disqualify any person from contesting the election. In the present case, both the persons have been convicted and not allowed to contest elections.
The decision of the court does not go against the principles of democratic elections
See lessbecause the court can disqualify any person from contesting the election. In the present case, both the persons have been convicted and not allowed to contest elections.
Can we draw the following conclusions from the information given in this chapter? Give two facts to support your position for each of these. (a) Election Commission of India does not have enough powers to conduct free and fair elections in the country. (b) There is a high level of popular participation in the elections in our country. (c) It is very easy for the party in power to win an election. (d) Many reforms are needed to make our elections completely free and fair.
(a) No, Election Commission of India has enough powers to conduct free and fair elections in the country. It has wide ranging powers. It implements the Code of Conduct and punishes any candidate or party that violates it. When on election duty, government officers work under the control of the EC anRead more
(a) No, Election Commission of India has enough powers to conduct free and fair
See lesselections in the country. It has wide ranging powers. It implements the Code of Conduct and punishes any candidate or party that violates it. When on election duty, government officers work under the control of the EC and not the government.
(b) Yes, there is a high level of popular participation in the elections in our country. Turn out has either remained stable or actually gone up. The poor, illiterate and under-privileged people vote in larger proportion as compared to the rich and the privileged sections.
(c) No, it is not easy for the party in power to win an election. During the election period, the EC can order the government to follow some guidelines, to prevent use and misuse of governmental power to enhance its chances to win elections or to transfer some government officials. It is very common for the Election Commission to reprimand the government and the administration for their lapses. On the other hand, the ruling parties in India, routinely lose
elections both at the national and state level. In fact, in every two out of the three Elections held in the last fifteen years, the ruling party has lost the elections.
(d) Yes, many reforms are needed to make our elections completely free and fair. There are still many challenges before us. A few candidates win purely on the basis of money power and unfair means- Candidates and parties spend a lot of money in excess of the prescribed expenses. Some candidates with criminal connection win the elections. Some families tend to dominate political parties and tickets are distributed to relatives from these families. So, there is need for electoral reforms.
State two reasons to prove that Indian elections are democratic.
(i) Election Commission is independent and powerful. (ii) In India, everyone above the age of 18 has a right to vote.
(i) Election Commission is independent and powerful.
See less(ii) In India, everyone above the age of 18 has a right to vote.
State any two reasons for conducting free and fair elections.
(i) People are free to judge the performance of the government. (ii) People are free to elect the representatives of their choice in the election.
(i) People are free to judge the performance of the government.
See less(ii) People are free to elect the representatives of their choice in the election.
Describe the challenges to free and fair elections in India.
The challenges to free and fair elections in India are given below: (i) Use of money power: Elections in India has become a very costly affair. Generally, a candidate in the Lok Sabha election spends about ₹50 lakh to one crore. They do not abide by the ceiling prescribed under the law. Rich candidaRead more
The challenges to free and fair elections in India are given below:
See less(i) Use of money power: Elections in India has become a very costly affair. Generally, a candidate in the Lok Sabha election spends about ₹50 lakh to one crore. They do not abide by the ceiling prescribed under the law. Rich candidates generally enjoy a big and unfair advantage over smaller parties and poor candidates.
(ii) Use of muscle power: Muscle power is used to force the voters to vote for particular” candidate or not allowing the voters to vote, and for capturing the booth and casting bogus votes.
(iii) Criminalisation of politics : Many candidates contest ng the elections have criminal connections. According to former Election Commissioner G.V.G. Krishnamurthy, in 1990, Lok Sabha elections, 1,500 out of 3,952 candidates for tire Lok Sabha had criminal record.
(iv) Dominance of families: Sometimes tickets are distributed to relatives from some families which dominate political parties. Ordinary members are generally ignored due to one reason or the other.
(v) No choice to ordinary voters/citizens : Very often elections offer little choice to ordinary citizens because the major parties are quite similar to each other both in policies and practice.
(vi) Disadvantages to smaller parties and independent candidates : Suffer parties
and independent candidates suffer a huge disadvantage in comparison to big parties because
they can use their manpower as well as money in the election. The above challenges exist not only in India but in most of the modern democracies.Thai is why the supporters of democracy are demanding electoral and political reforms in the electoral system to overcome these challenges.
Write a short note on the popular participation in the elections in India.
(a) People's participation is an important method to check the quality of the election Process. If the election process is free or fair, people will participate in a large number with great enthusiasm. (b) The following are some of the conclusions that are drawn from people's participation in India:Read more
(a) People’s participation is an important method to check the quality of the election Process. If the election process is free or fair, people will participate in a large number with great enthusiasm.
See less(b) The following are some of the conclusions that are drawn from people’s participation in India: (i) People’s participation is usual)y measured by voter turnout that indicates the per cent of voters who actually cast their votes. In India, the turnout has either remained stable or actually gone up.
(ii) In India, the poor, illiterate and underprivileged people vote in larger proportion as compared to the rich and privileged sections.
(iii) Common people in India feel that through elections they can bring pressure on political parties to adopt policies and programme in their interest. They also feel that their vote matters in the way things are run in the country.
(iv) The interest of voters in election related activities has been increasing over the years. During the 2oo4 elections, more than one-third voters took part in a campaign-related activities. More than half of the people identified themselves as being close to one or the other political party. One out of every seven voters is a member of a political party.