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‘A variety of cultural processes played an important role in developing a sense of nationalism in India’. Support the statement with suitable examples.
Symbolic Representation: India’s national identity began to be personified through the image of Bharat Mata, first imagined by Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay. Later, artists like Rabindranath Tagore depicted her as a serene, spiritual, and divine mother, inspiring patriotism among Indians. Patriotic SRead more
Symbolic Representation:
India’s national identity began to be personified through the image of Bharat Mata, first imagined by Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay. Later, artists like Rabindranath Tagore depicted her as a serene, spiritual, and divine mother, inspiring patriotism among Indians.
Patriotic Songs:
Bankim Chandra’s song Vande Mataram, written as a tribute to the motherland and featured in his novel Anandmath, became a rallying cry during the Swadeshi Movement, uniting Indians through devotion and collective emotion.
Revival of Folk Traditions:
Nationalists revived and documented folk stories, songs, and legends to reconnect with India’s cultural roots. Figures like Rabindranath Tagore in Bengal and Natesa Sastri in Madras collected and preserved traditional tales, strengthening pride in India’s heritage and identity.
National Flags as Symbols:
During the Swadeshi Movement, a tricolour flag of red, green, and yellow with eight lotuses and a crescent moon symbolized unity. Later, in 1921, Gandhiji’s tricolour with a spinning wheel represented self-reliance and became a symbol of resistance and hope.
Rediscovery of India’s Glorious Past:
See lessIndian scholars and reformers began re-examining ancient achievements in fields like science, philosophy, and art. This historical rediscovery encouraged people to feel proud of their civilization and motivated them to resist colonial oppression.
‘Sometimes the new crops could make the difference between life and death.’. Explain the statement with any two examples.
Sometimes new crops like potatoes could make the difference between life and death. It was with the introduction of the humble potato that Europe’s poor began to eat well, eat better and live longer. Similarly, the introduction of maize and cassava from the Americas to Africa provided cheap and nutrRead more
- Sometimes new crops like potatoes could make the difference between life and death. It was with the introduction of the humble potato that Europe’s poor began to eat well, eat better and live longer.
- Similarly, the introduction of maize and cassava from the Americas to Africa provided cheap and nutritious food sources, helping to reduce hunger and support population growth. These crops became essential staples in several African regions over time.
- Ireland’s poor peasants became so dependent on potatoes that when the potato crop was destroyed by disease in the mid-1840s, hundreds of thousands of peasants died of starvation
See lessWhy Newspapers? Krishnaji Trimbuck Ranade inhabitant of Poona intends to publish a Newspaper in the Marathi Language with a view of affording useful information on every topic of local interest. It will be open for free discussion on subjects of general utility, scientific investigation and the speculations connected with the antiquities, statistics, curiosities, history and geography of the country and of the Deccan especially… the patronage and support of all interested in the diffusion of knowledge and Welfare of the People is earnestly solicited. The task of the native newspapers and political associations is identical to the role of the Opposition in the House of Commons in Parliament in England. That is to critically examine government policy to suggest improvements, by removing those parts that will not be to the benefit of the people, and also by ensuring speedy implementation. These associations ought to carefully study the particular issues, gather diverse relevant information on the nation as well as on what are the possible and desirable improvements, and this will surely earn it considerable influence. 8.1. Explain the main reason for publishing newspapers by Krishna ji. 8.2. How was the task of native newspaper and political association seen identical to the role of the opposition? 8.3. Analyze the reasons for the popularity of newspapers during the 19th century.
8.1 Krishnaji aimed to share important information about social progress in fields like politics, science, and other areas to keep the public aware and informed. 8.2 Local newspapers and political groups played a major role in reviewing and questioning government actions. Thus, they functioned as thRead more
8.1 Krishnaji aimed to share important information about social progress in fields like politics, science, and other areas to keep the public aware and informed.
8.2 Local newspapers and political groups played a major role in reviewing and questioning government actions. Thus, they functioned as the government’s main critics and opposition.
8.3 Reasons behind the growing popularity of newspapers in the 19th century were:
See lessi. Political changes in the nation began to attract public interest, and newspapers effectively communicated this information to readers.
ii. Newspapers became a key medium for spreading awareness about social, cultural, and scientific developments.
The Treaty of Vienna was drawn up in 1815 with the object of undoing most of the changes that had come about in Europe during the Napoleonic wars.’ Highlight the significant provisions of this treaty.
The Bourbon monarchy, removed during the French Revolution, was reinstated in France, and the country had to give up all territories it had captured under Napoleon’s rule. To curb future French expansion, several buffer states were created around France. The kingdom of the Netherlands (including BelRead more
- The Bourbon monarchy, removed during the French Revolution, was reinstated in France, and the country had to give up all territories it had captured under Napoleon’s rule.
- To curb future French expansion, several buffer states were created around France. The kingdom of the Netherlands (including Belgium) arose in the north, and Genoa was merged with Piedmont in the south.
- Prussia received new and strategically important territories on its western borders, while Austria gained control over regions in northern Italy.
- The German Confederation of 39 states, originally formed by Napoleon, was retained. In Eastern Europe, Russia acquired a portion of Poland, and Prussia obtained part of Saxony.
- The overall goal of these arrangements was to restore pre-Napoleonic monarchies and establish a conservative political order throughout Europe to maintain stability and balance of power.
See less“The Silk route was a good example of vibrant pre-modern trade and cultural links between distant parts of the world.” Explain the statement with any two examples.
Chinese pottery, along with textiles and spices from India and Southeast Asia, also moved through the Silk Route. In exchange, valuable metals like gold and silver were carried from Europe to Asian regions. Trade was closely linked with cultural exchange. From India, Buddhism spread to several partsRead more
- Chinese pottery, along with textiles and spices from India and Southeast Asia, also moved through the Silk Route. In exchange, valuable metals like gold and silver were carried from Europe to Asian regions.
- Trade was closely linked with cultural exchange. From India, Buddhism spread to several parts of Asia through the connecting paths of the Silk Routes, promoting spiritual and cultural ties.
- Early Christian missionaries used this route to travel toward Asia, and centuries later, Muslim scholars and preachers followed the same path to spread their faith.
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