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  1. The overuse of groundwater has become a major threat to sustainable development in India. Continuous and excessive extraction of groundwater lowers the water table, leading to water scarcity. In agricultural regions like Punjab and Haryana, over-irrigation for high-yield crops has caused serious depRead more

    The overuse of groundwater has become a major threat to sustainable development in India. Continuous and excessive extraction of groundwater lowers the water table, leading to water scarcity. In agricultural regions like Punjab and Haryana, over-irrigation for high-yield crops has caused serious depletion.

    Overuse of groundwater is emerging as a serious environmental challenge in India.
    Evaluation:

    1. Continuous extraction lowers the water table, causing scarcity.
    2. Excess use leads to dry wells and desertification.
    3. Agricultural overdependence depletes resources faster than recharge rates.
    4. Urbanization and population growth intensify the crisis.
    5. It threatens future generations’ access to clean water.
      Sustainable development requires judicious water management, rainwater harvesting and awareness about conservation. Overuse harms both ecology and economy. Therefore, rational use of groundwater is vital for maintaining balance between present needs and future sustainability.
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  2. Development goals differ among people based on their needs, occupations and social backgrounds. For instance, a rich farmer may want better irrigation and market prices, while a landless laborer needs higher wages and employment. The development goals of people differ because their needs, occupationRead more

    Development goals differ among people based on their needs, occupations and social backgrounds. For instance, a rich farmer may want better irrigation and market prices, while a landless laborer needs higher wages and employment. The development goals of people differ because their needs, occupations and social conditions vary.
    Evaluation:

    1. A rich farmer may want better prices for crops.
    2. A landless laborer seeks more employment and wages.
    3. A businessman desires high profits and expansion.
    4. A student wants quality education and opportunities.
    5. A woman may aim for equal rights and safety.
      Thus, development cannot have a single definition. It depends on individual priorities, social status and environment. Recognizing these differences ensures inclusive and balanced development, where everyone’s aspirations are respected and opportunities are fairly distributed.
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  3. Following Christopher Columbus’s discovery of America, potatoes, maize and tomatoes were brought to Europe and Asia. Among these, potatoes became especially important because they grew easily, provided high nutrition and supported population growth. This exchange revolutionised diets, agriculture anRead more

    Following Christopher Columbus’s discovery of America, potatoes, maize and tomatoes were brought to Europe and Asia. Among these, potatoes became especially important because they grew easily, provided high nutrition and supported population growth. This exchange revolutionised diets, agriculture and global trade, marking a significant milestone in the world’s economic and social transformation. Correct Option: (C) Potatoes

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  4. Print culture played a crucial role in spreading nationalist ideas. It connected people across India through newspapers, journals and pamphlets that exposed British exploitation. By sharing stories of common suffering, it encouraged unity, political awareness and participation in movements against cRead more

    Print culture played a crucial role in spreading nationalist ideas. It connected people across India through newspapers, journals and pamphlets that exposed British exploitation. By sharing stories of common suffering, it encouraged unity, political awareness and participation in movements against colonial rule. This shared communication strengthened the sense of Indian nationalism. Correct Option: (C) By providing a platform for shared feelings of oppression

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  5. In 1923, C.R. Das and Motilal Nehru established the Swaraj Party to achieve India’s self-rule from within British institutions. They aimed to oppose unjust colonial laws through council participation after Gandhi’s Non-Cooperation Movement was suspended. The party combined constitutional struggle anRead more

    In 1923, C.R. Das and Motilal Nehru established the Swaraj Party to achieve India’s self-rule from within British institutions. They aimed to oppose unjust colonial laws through council participation after Gandhi’s Non-Cooperation Movement was suspended. The party combined constitutional struggle and nationalist principles, keeping the freedom movement alive in the political sphere. Correct Option: (D) C.R. Das and Motilal Nehru

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