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Which of the following Sultans had the most slaves in his court?
Firoz Shah Tughlaq’s reign witnessed an unprecedented rise in slave numbers within the Delhi Sultanate. Chroniclers note that he kept nearly 1,80,000 slaves, acquired through wars, tribute and purchase. These slaves were employed in diverse sectors, including agriculture, irrigation projects, publicRead more
Firoz Shah Tughlaq’s reign witnessed an unprecedented rise in slave numbers within the Delhi Sultanate. Chroniclers note that he kept nearly 1,80,000 slaves, acquired through wars, tribute and purchase. These slaves were employed in diverse sectors, including agriculture, irrigation projects, public works, workshops and palace service. Firoz considered slavery a means to maintain social order and administrative efficiency. He also formed a specialised slave-bureau (Diwan-i-Bandagan) to supervise their welfare, training and discipline. Although this system strengthened his rule, it created long-term dependency on forced labour and reflected the deeply hierarchical nature of governance during his era.
See lessWhich of the following Sultans provided employment to the unemployed? (A) Sher Shah Suri (B) Alauddin Khalji (C) Muhammad bin Tughlaq (D) Firoz Tughlaq
Firoz Shah Tughlaq is remembered for implementing several welfare measures, one of which was providing systematic employment to the unemployed. He initiated massive developmental projects: construction of canals, mosques, madrasas, gardens, rest houses, bridges and new towns. These undertakings requRead more
Firoz Shah Tughlaq is remembered for implementing several welfare measures, one of which was providing systematic employment to the unemployed. He initiated massive developmental projects: construction of canals, mosques, madrasas, gardens, rest houses, bridges and new towns. These undertakings required large labour forces and Firoz purposefully recruited people lacking work. He believed the state should support its subjects by offering livelihood opportunities, thereby reducing social unrest. He also established workshops (karkhanas) where artisans, craftsmen and labourers were employed. This policy not only strengthened the Sultanate’s economic infrastructure but also contributed to maintaining public order and administrative goodwill.
See lessWhich of the following Sultans took measures to improve the quality of fruits?
The Sultan responsible for improving fruit quality was Firoz Shah Tughlaq (reigned 1351–1388). He achieved this through an extensive program of public works and administrative reforms. Specifically, he established more than 1,200 gardens in and around Delhi. These royal gardens were dedicated to theRead more
The Sultan responsible for improving fruit quality was Firoz Shah Tughlaq (reigned 1351–1388). He achieved this through an extensive program of public works and administrative reforms. Specifically, he established more than 1,200 gardens in and around Delhi. These royal gardens were dedicated to the careful cultivation and research of various fruit species, dramatically enhancing their yield and quality. This focus on horticulture highlights his unique contribution to agricultural improvement, with grapes being a particularly prized fruit during his era.
See lessWho introduced market regulations/price controls in Indian history?
Alauddin Khalji was the first Indian ruler to introduce a comprehensive system of market regulations and price controls. His reforms aimed to ensure stable prices of essential commodities, maintain a steady supply of goods, and prevent black-marketing. These measures were introduced mainly to supporRead more
Alauddin Khalji was the first Indian ruler to introduce a comprehensive system of market regulations and price controls. His reforms aimed to ensure stable prices of essential commodities, maintain a steady supply of goods, and prevent black-marketing. These measures were introduced mainly to support his massive standing army by providing affordable food and supplies. He set official prices for grains, cloth, slaves, horses, and other goods, and established special markets monitored by state-appointed officers called shahana-i-mandi. Severe punishments were imposed on violators. His system was highly effective and is considered one of the most advanced economic regulations of medieval India.
See lessWhich Sultan opposed the interference of the “ulama” in state affairs?
Alauddin Khalji firmly opposed the interference of the ulama—religious scholars—in state matters. He believed that governance should be based on political necessity rather than religious dictates. His strong and independent approach helped him maintain absolute royal authority. Alauddin openly stateRead more
Alauddin Khalji firmly opposed the interference of the ulama—religious scholars—in state matters. He believed that governance should be based on political necessity rather than religious dictates. His strong and independent approach helped him maintain absolute royal authority. Alauddin openly stated that the state’s laws (zawabit) could differ from religious laws (sharia) because a king’s primary duty was to ensure stability, security and prosperity. By limiting the influence of the ulama, he strengthened administrative efficiency and military reforms. This separation of religion from governance allowed him to implement bold policies, including revenue reforms and strict law-and-order measures.
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