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  1. The Silk Route was not just a trade path but also a bridge of cultural exchange between Asia, Europe and Africa. It promoted the exchange of goods like silk, spices, gold and precious stones. Along with trade, people shared ideas, religions and cultures. Buddhism spread from India to China and otherRead more

    The Silk Route was not just a trade path but also a bridge of cultural exchange between Asia, Europe and Africa.

    1. It promoted the exchange of goods like silk, spices, gold and precious stones. Along with trade, people shared ideas, religions and cultures.
    2. Buddhism spread from India to China and other Asian countries through this route. Artists, scholars and travelers exchanged knowledge and technology.
    3. Thus, the Silk Route became a path of both trade and cultural enrichment.
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  2. Peasants in rural areas protested against high rents and unfair taxes. Tribal people demanded the right to use forest lands freely. Merchants supported the boycott of foreign goods to promote Indian products. Workers in factories went on strikes for better wages and working conditions. Students andRead more

    1. Peasants in rural areas protested against high rents and unfair taxes. Tribal people demanded the right to use forest lands freely.
    2. Merchants supported the boycott of foreign goods to promote Indian products. Workers in factories went on strikes for better wages and working conditions.
    3. Students and teachers left government schools and colleges to support Swaraj.

    Thus, all participated, but with different aims and expectations from the movement.

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  3. Tamil Nadu became the first Indian state to make rooftop rainwater harvesting compulsory in 2001. The initiative was implemented to combat severe water shortages, particularly in Chennai. All new buildings are required to collect and store rainwater, which replenishes groundwater, reduces urban flooRead more

    Tamil Nadu became the first Indian state to make rooftop rainwater harvesting compulsory in 2001. The initiative was implemented to combat severe water shortages, particularly in Chennai. All new buildings are required to collect and store rainwater, which replenishes groundwater, reduces urban flooding and ensures sustainable water management for households and communities. Option: (b) Tamil Nadu

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  4. (i) A chapbook was a small, inexpensive book sold in Europe, often for a penny, making it accessible to ordinary people, including the poor. It contained stories, ballads, folktales or practical information, serving both entertainment and educational purposes for a wide audience. (ii) Peddlers playeRead more

    (i) A chapbook was a small, inexpensive book sold in Europe, often for a penny, making it accessible to ordinary people, including the poor. It contained stories, ballads, folktales or practical information, serving both entertainment and educational purposes for a wide audience.

    (ii) Peddlers played a crucial role in distributing popular literature to villages. They carried small, affordable books, chapbooks, almanacs and ritual calendars from town to town. By selling these books door-to-door, they ensured that even people in remote areas could access reading material. Their efforts helped spread stories, knowledge and cultural information, making literature more widely available and creating a reading habit among ordinary villagers who otherwise had little exposure to printed books.

    (iii) New forms of literature in Europe targeted ordinary readers with affordable, entertaining books. These included chapbooks, penny books and small histories about the past. France had the ‘Bibliotheque Bleue’ with low-cost books in blue covers. Short romances and ballads, often printed on a few pages, catered to diverse tastes. Almanacs and ritual calendars provided practical information. Such publications made reading accessible, engaging and enjoyable for a broad audience, spreading both entertainment and knowledge beyond the elite classes.

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  5. (a) The place where the Indigo Planter’s movement took place – Champaran, Bihar (1917), where Mahatma Gandhi led the Indigo Satyagraha against British planters. (b) The place where a Peasant Satyagraha was organised – Kheda, Gujarat (1918), led by Mahatma Gandhi, where farmers protested against unfaRead more

    (a) The place where the Indigo Planter’s movement took place – Champaran, Bihar (1917), where Mahatma Gandhi led the Indigo Satyagraha against British planters.

    (b) The place where a Peasant Satyagraha was organised – Kheda, Gujarat (1918), led by Mahatma Gandhi, where farmers protested against unfair tax collection during famine conditions.

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