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What was the ‘Peshwa’ in Shivaji’s administration?
The Peshwa in Shivaji's Ashtapradhan was the Mukhya Pradhan or Prime Minister. As the most important officer, the Peshwa was the head of both the general administration and the civil authority. He was tasked with looking after the welfare of the kingdom and reporting directly to the Chhatrapati. AltRead more
The Peshwa in Shivaji’s Ashtapradhan was the Mukhya Pradhan or Prime Minister. As the most important officer, the Peshwa was the head of both the general administration and the civil authority. He was tasked with looking after the welfare of the kingdom and reporting directly to the Chhatrapati. Although Shivaji’s system intended for the eight ministers to check each other’s power, the Peshwa’s strategic and administrative responsibilities laid the groundwork for the later usurpation of power by the hereditary Peshwas in the 18th century.
See lessWho is called the ‘Second Founder of the Maratha State’? (A) Rajaram (B) Bajirao I (C) Balaji Vishwanath (D) Balaji Bajirao
Balaji Vishwanath earned the title of Second Founder of the Maratha State due to his crucial role in rebuilding the Maratha Empire after Aurangzeb’s death. The state was weakened by long wars and internal divisions, but he restored unity and authority. As Peshwa, he negotiated the Lonavala settlemenRead more
Balaji Vishwanath earned the title of Second Founder of the Maratha State due to his crucial role in rebuilding the Maratha Empire after Aurangzeb’s death. The state was weakened by long wars and internal divisions, but he restored unity and authority. As Peshwa, he negotiated the Lonavala settlement, securing Chauth and Sardeshmukhi from the Mughals. He reorganized revenue, strengthened the military, improved diplomacy with regional powers and brought stability to the administration. His leadership transformed the Peshwa office into the real center of power. The strong foundation he created enabled later Maratha expansion under Bajirao I and others.
See lessWhich of the following European powers provided cannons to Shivaji?
The Portuguese, who controlled coastal bases like Goa and Diu, were the European power that often supplied cannons and artillery to Shivaji, albeit cautiously and sometimes indirectly. Although the Portuguese frequently conflicted with Shivaji over territory and naval dominance, they viewed the MaraRead more
The Portuguese, who controlled coastal bases like Goa and Diu, were the European power that often supplied cannons and artillery to Shivaji, albeit cautiously and sometimes indirectly. Although the Portuguese frequently conflicted with Shivaji over territory and naval dominance, they viewed the Marathas as a crucial counterbalance to the Mughal and Bijapur armies. This strategic necessity meant the Portuguese were a valuable, if intermittent, source for the Marathas’ needs, especially concerning gunpowder and advanced weaponry unavailable in the Deccan interior.
See lessBy which treaty did Shivaji transfer the forts to the Mughals?
The treaty by which Shivaji ceded forts to the Mughals was the Treaty of Purandar (1665 AD). After a prolonged siege led by Raja Jai Singh I, Shivaji was compelled to sign. Under its terms, he surrendered twenty-three of his thirty-five forts to the Mughals. Critically, the treaty also stipulated thRead more
The treaty by which Shivaji ceded forts to the Mughals was the Treaty of Purandar (1665 AD). After a prolonged siege led by Raja Jai Singh I, Shivaji was compelled to sign. Under its terms, he surrendered twenty-three of his thirty-five forts to the Mughals. Critically, the treaty also stipulated that Shivaji’s son, Sambhaji, would serve as a Mansabdar in the Mughal court and Shivaji himself agreed to personal service and aid in the campaign against Bijapur.
See lessWhere was Shivaji’s coronation held?
Shivaji's grand coronation was held on June 6, 1674 AD, at the Raigad Fort, which he designated as his capital. The ceremony was meticulously organized to project him as a legitimate, sovereign ruler of high Kshatriya status, complete with Vedic rites performed by Gagabhatta. The event transformed tRead more
Shivaji’s grand coronation was held on June 6, 1674 AD, at the Raigad Fort, which he designated as his capital. The ceremony was meticulously organized to project him as a legitimate, sovereign ruler of high Kshatriya status, complete with Vedic rites performed by Gagabhatta. The event transformed the Maratha kingdom from a regional revolt into a recognized state, giving it the necessary constitutional legitimacy to deal with the Mughals and other powers on equal terms.
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