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  1. The Persian translation of the Hindu epic Mahabharata was commissioned by Emperor Akbar and was principally directed by Faizi (Shaikh Faizi). Faizi was the Poet Laureate (Malik-ush-Shu'ara) of Akbar’s court. The completed Persian work was titled the 'Razmnama' (Book of Wars). This translation was aRead more

    The Persian translation of the Hindu epic Mahabharata was commissioned by Emperor Akbar and was principally directed by Faizi (Shaikh Faizi). Faizi was the Poet Laureate (Malik-ush-Shu’ara) of Akbar’s court. The completed Persian work was titled the ‘Razmnama’ (Book of Wars). This translation was a monumental undertaking, involving a team of scholars including Badauni and was a key component of Akbar’s Translation Bureau (Maktab Khana), reflecting his policy of making indigenous literature accessible to the Persian-speaking elite.

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  2. Zahiruddin Muhammad adopted the well-known name Babur (meaning 'tiger' or 'lion') when he came to power. Born in Fergana in Central Asia, he was a direct descendant of Timur. After years of struggle, he captured Kabul in 1504 and, following the decisive First Battle of Panipat in 1526, he establisheRead more

    Zahiruddin Muhammad adopted the well-known name Babur (meaning ‘tiger’ or ‘lion’) when he came to power. Born in Fergana in Central Asia, he was a direct descendant of Timur. After years of struggle, he captured Kabul in 1504 and, following the decisive First Battle of Panipat in 1526, he established himself as the first Mughal ruler of India. He is celebrated for his military genius, his detailed autobiography, the Baburnama and for founding one of the world’s most enduring empires.

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  3. The 'Dahsala settlement' is attributed to Raja Todar Mal, the esteemed Diwan-i-Ashraf (Finance Minister) of Emperor Akbar. Implemented in 1580, it was a refinement of Sher Shah's Zabti system. This highly efficient revenue system calculated the state's share by averaging the yield and local prices oRead more

    The ‘Dahsala settlement’ is attributed to Raja Todar Mal, the esteemed Diwan-i-Ashraf (Finance Minister) of Emperor Akbar. Implemented in 1580, it was a refinement of Sher Shah’s Zabti system. This highly efficient revenue system calculated the state’s share by averaging the yield and local prices of various crops over the preceding ten years (Dah-sala). The primary goal was to ensure accurate assessment, reduce corruption and provide a stable, predictable income for the empire.

    The correct answer is (A) Todar Mal.

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  4. Abul Fazl, the brilliant author of the Akbarnama, was assassinated in 1602 by the Bundela chief Vir Singh Bundela. The assassination was orchestrated by Prince Salim (Jahangir), who was in open revolt against his father, Akbar. Salim considered Abul Fazl his most formidable political enemy and the mRead more

    Abul Fazl, the brilliant author of the Akbarnama, was assassinated in 1602 by the Bundela chief Vir Singh Bundela. The assassination was orchestrated by Prince Salim (Jahangir), who was in open revolt against his father, Akbar. Salim considered Abul Fazl his most formidable political enemy and the main person poisoning Akbar’s mind against him. Vir Singh Bundela was heavily rewarded by Salim upon his ascension to the throne, underscoring the political nature of the murder.

    The correct answer is (C) Vir Singh Bundela.

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  5. Akbar awarded the esteemed title of 'Kaviraj' (King of Poets) to his intellectual and witty courtier, Birbal. Birbal, whose birth name was Mahesh Das, was highly admired by Akbar for his quick intelligence, charming poetry and ability to use humor to offer counsel. Although he later held a militaryRead more

    Akbar awarded the esteemed title of ‘Kaviraj’ (King of Poets) to his intellectual and witty courtier, Birbal. Birbal, whose birth name was Mahesh Das, was highly admired by Akbar for his quick intelligence, charming poetry and ability to use humor to offer counsel. Although he later held a military position, the title ‘Kaviraj’ reflects his primary role as a close confidant and intellectual companion to the emperor, cementing his reputation as a great poet and storyteller.

    The correct answer is (B) Birbal.

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