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Sikandar Lodi, the second ruler of the Lodi dynasty, founded the city of Agra around 1504 AD. He developed Agra into an administrative centre due to its strategic location near the Yamuna River. The city later flourished under the Mughals and became one of the most important capitals during their rule.
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Sikandar Lodi founded Agra in 1504 because its location near the Yamuna River made it ideal for trade, agriculture, and military movement. He built forts, roads, gardens, and mosques that helped Agra grow into a major administrative centre. Sikandar shifted much of his court’s activities to Agra, increasing its population and importance. When the Mughals arrived, they immediately recognized Agra’s strategic value and expanded it further. Babur captured Agra in 1526 after the First Battle of Panipat, and his successors, especially Akbar, Jahangir, and Shah Jahan, transformed the city into one of the grandest capitals in medieval India.