Jahangir honored Adil Shah, the ruler of Bijapur, with the title ‘Farzand’ (son). This title was given to Bijapur’s ruler, Ibrahim Adil Shah II, primarily to recognize the importance of the Deccan Sultanates and encourage diplomatic relations, attempting to stabilize the contentious Mughal-Deccan frontier and gain favor. The correct answer is (A) Adil Shah, the ruler of Bijapur.
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Jahangir bestowed the title ‘Farzand’ (son) upon Ibrahim Adil Shah II, the ruler of the Bijapur Sultanate. This was a strategic political move: by granting this prestigious, intimate title, Jahangir sought to establish a relationship of imperial friendship and patronage with the powerful Deccan ruler. This gesture was aimed at gaining Bijapur’s cooperation against the formidable Abyssinian minister, Malik Ambar, who was fiercely resisting Mughal expansion in the neighboring state of Ahmednagar.