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In the 6th century BCE, the region of northwestern India, including parts of modern-day Pakistan, was controlled by the Persian Achaemenid Empire under Emperor Darius I. This area, particularly the Indus Valley, became part of the empire’s easternmost territories. Darius expanded Persian rule into this region around 518 BCE, integrating it into his vast empire, which stretched from the Mediterranean to the Indus River, facilitating cultural and trade exchanges between Persia and the Indian subcontinent.
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A Persian emperor in the 6th century BCE, likely Darius I, gained control over the region of the Indus River, referred to as Sindhu. This expansion marked the Persian Empire’s reach into the Indian subcontinent, facilitating trade and cultural exchanges between the two regions. The incorporation of Sindhu into the Persian Empire not only highlighted the strategic importance of the Indus River but also laid the groundwork for future interactions between Persian and Indian civilizations, influencing political and cultural dynamics in the area. Therefore option 2 is correct answer.
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