The Horse Latitudes (30° N/S) are regions of high pressure created by sinking air. As air rises at the Equator, it travels poleward and eventually cools, becoming dense enough to sink back to Earth at these latitudes. Sinking air compresses and warms up, which prevents clouds from forming and results in very weak surface winds and clear skies. ANSWER: (C) Sinking air (Subsidence) from the Hadley Cell
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The Horse Latitudes are the “exit points” of the tropical Hadley Cell. After air reaches the top of the atmosphere at the Equator, it moves north and south. By the time it reaches 30° latitude, it has cooled down and begins to “subside” or sink toward the surface. Sinking air creates high pressure, which pushes outward, preventing any moist air from rising. This is why most of the world’s great deserts are located here. Sailors named these regions because the calm winds often stranded ships, sometimes forcing them to conserve water by tragically throwing horses overboard.
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