Infrared waves are used in night vision equipment. These waves, with wavelengths longer than visible light but shorter than microwaves, detect thermal radiation emitted by objects. This capability allows night vision devices to create images in low-light or darkness, crucial for applications such as military operations, surveillance, and wildlife observation.
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Night vision equipment primarily utilizes Infrared waves (Option [C]). Infrared (IR) waves have wavelengths longer than visible light but shorter than microwaves. These waves are emitted by objects due to their thermal energy and are detected by night vision devices. Unlike radio waves (used in communication), microwaves (used in radar and cooking), and visible light (used in human vision and photography), infrared waves are crucial for night vision because they enable detection of heat signatures emitted by objects, allowing these devices to create images in low-light or no-light conditions. This capability is essential for military operations, surveillance, navigation, and wildlife observation at night. Therefore, out of the options provided, infrared waves are specifically employed in night vision equipment to enhance visibility beyond the limitations of human vision in darkness.