Which of the following phenomena does not occur in both light and sound?

Polarization, option [B], does not occur in both light and sound. Light waves can be polarized because they are transverse waves, meaning their oscillations are perpendicular to the direction of wave propagation. This property allows light waves to oscillate in various planes and thus be filtered or aligned in a specific orientation, which is what polarization refers to. On the other hand, sound waves are longitudinal waves, with oscillations occurring in the same direction as the wave propagation. This intrinsic nature of sound waves does not permit polarization because there is no perpendicular oscillation plane to align or filter. While both light and sound waves can experience diffraction, reflection, and refraction, which involve the bending of waves around obstacles, bouncing off surfaces, and changing direction when entering a different medium respectively, the unique transverse nature of light waves and longitudinal nature of sound waves means that polarization is not a shared phenomenon between them.