Topography refers to the physical features of a land area, including mountains, hills, valleys, plains, slopes and coasts. It affects climate, water flow, vegetation and human settlement patterns. Topography influences how wind and rain move through a region and shape the environment.
Class 7 Social Science Exploring Society: India and Beyond Part 1 Solution
Class 7 Social Science Textbook Chapter 3 Climates of India Question Answer
Topography is the study of the surface features of the Earth, including its natural formations like mountains, hills, valleys, slopes, rivers and coastlines. These physical characteristics influence various climatic elements such as rainfall distribution, temperature, wind flow and vegetation. For example, mountains can block rain-bearing winds, while valleys may have unique microclimates. Topography also affects agriculture, transportation and settlement. Understanding topography helps in planning development, conserving resources and predicting how a region’s environment will respond to climate changes.
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