The velocity required for a satellite to stay in orbit close to Earth’s surface.
Design multiple-choice questions (MCQs) for Chapter 7 “Gravitation” from the NCERT Class 11 Physics textbook in line with the CBSE syllabus for the 2024–2025 academic session. The MCQs should thoroughly cover essential topics such as the universal law of gravitation, gravitational force, acceleration due to gravity and its variation with altitude and depth. Additionally, include important concepts like orbital motion, escape velocity and Kepler’s laws of planetary motion. Ensure that each question has four answer options, with only one correct choice. The questions should focus on evaluating students’ conceptual clarity, analytical thinking and practical application of gravitational principles.
Incorporate questions of varying difficulty levels to cater to a diverse group of learners. The goal is to help students develop a strong foundation in the topic and prepare effectively for exams. Each question should be well-structured, accurate and contribute to enhancing students’ understanding of gravitation and its applications.
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The orbital velocity of a satellite near Earth’s surface is the minimum velocity required for it to remain in a stable circular orbit. This velocity depends on the gravitational force acting as the centripetal force.
The formula for orbital velocity (v) is:
v = √(G * M / R)
Where:
v = orbital velocity
G = gravitational constant (approximately 6.674 × 10^-11 N m²/kg²)
M = mass of the Earth (approximately 5.972 × 10^24 kg)
R = radius of the Earth (approximately 6,371 km or 6.371 × 10^6 m)
Substituting the values of G, M, and R for Earth:
v = √((6.674 × 10^-11) * (5.972 × 10^24) / 6.371 × 10^6)
After calculation, the orbital velocity is approximately:
v ≈ 7.9 km/s (or 7,900 m/s)
This velocity is valid for satellites close to the Earth’s surface and ensures that the satellite remains in orbit without falling back to Earth or escaping into space.
This question related to Chapter 7 physics Class 11th NCERT. From the Chapter 7. Gravitation. Give answer according to your understanding.
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